Virtual Reality-Enhanced Dual Task Training for Fall Risk Reduction in Stroke Patients: A Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke often results in motor and cognitive impairments, increasing the risk of falls, which can lead to long-term disability and greater healthcare costs. Dual Task Training (DTT) combined with Virtual Reality (VR) is a promising method to improve both motor and cognitive function, thereby potentially reducing fall risk in stroke patients. This literature review evaluates the effectiveness of VR-based DTT in fall prevention among stroke survivors.
Method: A structured literature search was conducted across major databases—Scopus, PubMed, Crossref, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Medline, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, SpringerLink, and Cochrane—for studies published from 2019 to 2024. Keywords included “Dual Task Training,” “Virtual Reality,” “fall risk,” and “stroke.” After screening, 22 studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, intervention protocols, and outcomes related to balance, gait, and cognitive function.
Results: The review indicates that VR-based DTT significantly improves balance and cognitive performance, contributing to a reduced fall risk in stroke patients. Compared to conventional therapy, VR interventions showed better patient engagement and adherence, which may enhance rehabilitation outcomes. However, challenges remain, including variation in individual responses, limited access to technology, and a lack of standardized intervention protocols.
Conclusion: VR-based Dual Task Training offers a promising integrative approach to stroke rehabilitation by targeting both motor and cognitive deficits to reduce fall risk. Further studies are needed to refine intervention protocols and explore long-term effects to inform clinical guidelines.

Keywords: Dual Task Training; Virtual Reality; stroke; fall risk