Perbandingankomposisitubuhpadakelompok lanjut usiasebelum dan setelah pelaksanaansenam tera diPanti Sosial Tresna WerdhaWana Seraya Denpasar

Abstract

Perubahan komposisi tubuh merupakan tanda penting proses penuaan. Salah satu upaya mempertahankan danmeningkatkan kesehatan padalanjut usia (lansia) adalah olahraga yang bersifat low impact, misalnyasenamtera.Tujuan penelitian ini adalahmengetahui perbandingankomposisi tubuh (berat badan, komposisi lemakdanototskeletal) kelompok lansia sebelumdan setelah pelaksanaan senamtera. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitianeksperimental dengan desainone grouppretestandpostest. Penelitiandiikutioleh 16 orang, dilakukan di Panti SosialTresna WerdhaWana Seraya Denpasar pada bulan Januari-Maret 2013. Subjekdiberikan latihan senam tera selama 8minggu dengan frekuensi 3 kali perminggu. Pemeriksaankomposisitubuhdilakukansebelumdansetelah perlakuan.Uji normalitas menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk, sedangkan uji komparasi menggunakan uji t berpasangan danWilcoxon rank test. Hasil analisis menunjukkanterdapat penurunanberat badan (51,37 vs 50,38 kg; P=0,007),persentase lemak tubuh total (36,37vs29,47%; P=0,005), persentase lemak viseral (10,19%vs7,12%; P=0,008),persentase lemak subkutan (24,57 vs 22,94%; P=0,138) dan otot skeletal (23,73 vs 23,68%; P=0,899), sertapeningkatan kekuatanotot(14,44vs15,53kg; P=0,358)setelah pelaksanaan senam tera. Disimpulkanbahwa terdapatpenurunan berat badan, persentaselemak total danviseral secarabermakna, namuntidakterdapat perubahan yangbermakna pada persentase lemak subkutan, otot skeletal serta kekuatan otot setelah pelaksanaan senam tera.[MEDICINA.2016;47(3):38- 41]

Changing in body composition is important sign of aging process. Low impact exercise for example tera exercise isone effort to increase health status in elderly. The aim of this study was to compare the body composition (bodyweight, fat and skeletal muscle) in elderly before and after tera exercise. Thiswasaexperimental study withone grouppretest andpostest design.There was 16 subjects in WanaSraya Nursing Home Denpasar who participated in thisstudy. They did tera exercise for 8 weeks, 3 times a week. Body weight, fat, skeletal muscle composition and musclestrength were measured before and after intervention. Data normality was analysed using Shapiro-Wilk test,comparison of body compositions were analysed using pairedt-test andWilcoxon rank test. There were decrease ofbody weight (51.37 vs50.38 kg; P=0,007), total body fat percentage (36.37vs 29.47%; P=0.005), visceral fatpercentage (10.19%vs 7.12%; P=0.008), subcutaneous fat percentage (24.57 vs 22.94%; P=0.138) and skeletalmuscle(23.73 vs 23.68%; P=0.899) after tera exercise, while muscle strength was increase (14.44vs 15.53kg;P=0.358). It was concluded that tera exercise could significantly decrease body weight, total dan visceral fatpercentage, but no significant change in subcutaneus fat, skeletal muscle percentage, and muscle strength inelderly.[MEDICINA.2016;47(3):38-41]