Korelasihipotensiortostatik dan fungsi kognitif padapasien geriatri diRSUP Sanglah

Abstract

Tujuanpenelitianiniadalahuntuk mengetahui hubungan tekanan darah dan fungsi kognitif pada pasienhipotensi ortostatik. Metode yang dipergunakanadalah analisis potong lintang, pada pasien rawat jalan dipoliklinik geriatri RSUP Sanglah. Hipotensiortostatikadalahpenurunan minimal 20 mmHg tekanandarahsistolikdanatau 10 mmHg padatekanandarahdiastolikdariperubahanposisi baring kedudukatauberdiridenganselangwaktu 3 menit. Fungsi kognitif menggunakan skormini mental state examination(MMSE)danmontreal cognitive assessment (MOCA). Padapenelitianini didapatkanperbedaan yang signifikanpada skor MMSE dan MOCA pada pasien hipotensi ortostatik berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan,skor MMSE(simpangbaku/SB) padakelompokpendidikan SMA dandi atasnyasebesar 21,31(2,983) berbanding16,79(4,526) padakelompokpendidikan SMP dandi bawahnya (nilai P=0,003 IK 95% 1,694sampai7,359) danuntukskor MOCA (SB) sebesar17,75(3,396)berbanding13,36(4,088) dengannilai P=0,003IK95% 1,594sampai 7,191. Terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan antara tekanan darah diastolik saatberbaring dengan skor MMSE (r=0,481,nilaiP=0,007 dengan IK95% 22,836sampai41,132) dan terdapatkorelasi positif yang signifikan antara tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik saat berbaring dengan skorMOCA (r=0,370 dan 0,447). Simpulanpenelitianini adalah tekanan darah memiliki korelasi denganpenurunan fungsi kognitif. Penelitianlanjutandenganjumlahsampel yang lebihbesar diperlukanuntukmengetahui hubungan tekanan darah dengan fungsi kognitif pada pasien hipotensi ortostatik.[MEDICINA.2016;50(3):7-11].

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of blood pressure and cognitive function inorthostatic hypotension patients. The method used was a cross-sectional analysis on outpatient at geriatricclinic of Sanglah Hospital. Hypotension orthostatic was defined as a decrease at least 20 mmHg systolicblood pressure and or reduction of at least 10 mmHg diastolic blood pressure from lying position to sittingor standing position within 3 minutes. Cognitive function using themini mental state examination(MMSE)andmontreal cognitive assessment(MOCA) score. In this study, a significant difference in MMSE scoreand MOCA on patients with orthostatic hypotension based on their education level, MMSE score standarddeviation(SD) in high school education and above group is 21.31 (16.79), compare with number of juniorhigh and bellow group is 2.983 (4.526), (p value=0.003 95% CI 1.694 to 7.359) and for MOCA score(17.75 (3.396) and 13.36 (4.088)) with p value=0.003CI 95% 1.594 to 7.191. There wasa significantpositive correlation between diastolicblood pressure when lying down with MMSE score (r=0.481, pvalue=0.007 with CI 95% 22.836 to 41.132) and there is a significant positive correlation between systolicand diastolic blood pressure when lying down with MOCA score of (r=0.370 and 0.447). Theconclusion ofthis study was that the blood pressure has a correlation with declining of cognitive function. Larger studiesare necessary to determine the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive function on patients withorthostatic hypotension.[MEDICINA.2016;50(3):7-11].