Dampakanemiapadafungsikognitifpasiengeriatri yangdirawatdiRumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar

Abstract

Anemiamerupakanmasalahyang seringdijumpai padagolongan geriatrikdengankonsekuensi yangserius. Belumbanyak penelitian yang meneliti pengaruh anemia terhadap fungsi kognitif. Penelitianinibertujuanuntukmengetahuihubungan antaraanemiadangangguan kognitif pada pasiengeriatrik yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.Penelitianinimerupakan studianalisispotong-lintang. Penelitiandilakukanpadapasiengeriatri (usia?60tahun)yangdirawat di BagianPenyakit Dalam RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Sebanyak121pasien terdaftar dalampenelitian ini.Status anemia dan fungsi kognitif didefinisikan dengan menggunakan kriteria WHOdan mini-mental stateexamination(MMSE). Uji Chi-square atauFisher-exact digunakanuntuk menguji signifikansi antara keduanya.Risikodiperkirakan menggunakanrasioodds (RO) dan interval kepercayaan(IK) 95%. Prevalens anemia dangangguan kognitifpada pasiengeriatrikyangdirawat diRSUPSanglahadalah62,8%dan47,2%. Gangguan kognitiflebih umumterjadi di kalangan perempuan dibanding lelaki (50,88%vs 49,12%) dan pasien usia ?70 tahundibandingkan<70 tahun(63,15%vs 36,84%). Tidakditemukanhubunganyang signifikan antara anemia dangangguan kognitifpadapasiengeriatri (P=0,32).Disimpulkan bahwa tidak adahubungan antaraanemiadangangguankognitifpada pasiengeriatriyang dirawatdiRSUP Sanglah Denpasar.[MEDICINA.2016;50(3):6-9].

Anemia isa common problem with serious consequences ingeriatricpatients but the impact of anemia on cognitivefunction has not been extensivelystudied.The aimof this study wasto evaluate the association between anemia andcognitive impairment in hospitalizedgeriatric patients at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. This was a hospital-basedanalytic cross-sectional study. The data were derived from the medical records ofgeriatricpatients (age?60 years)admitted toDepartment ofInternal Medicine SanglahHospitalDenpsar. A total of 121elderly patients were enrolled.Anemic status and cognitivefunction were defined using WHO-criteria andmini-mental state examination(MMSE)questionnaires, respectively. Chi-square or Fisher-exact test wasused to test thesignificance between 2 proportions.The risk was estimated by usingoddsratio(OR) and 95%confidence interval(CI). The overall-prevalence of anemiaand cognitive impairment among hospitalized elderly patients was 62.8% and 47.2%, respectively. Cognitiveimpairment was more prevalent infemalethan male (50.88% vs. 49.12%) and inpatientswith the age>70 vs<70years(63.15% vs. 36.84%). We found no significantassociationbetween anemia and cognitive impairment ingeriatricpatient (P=0.32). It was concluded that there is no association between anemia and cognitive impairment inhospitalizedgeriatricpatientsatSanglah hospital.[MEDICINA.2016;50(3):6-9].