KOMPLIKASI PASKA TRANSPLANTASI GINJAL

Abstract

Renal transplantation is the take over of kidney from healthy person and then be transplanted to the other person who has
severe and permanent kidney function disorder. Renal transplantation is the most effective treatment for terminal stage of chronic
kidney disease. The survival of patients who underwent renal transplantation depend on some factors including screening of
patients, pretransplantation management, surgery technic and management of patients after renal transplantation. Complications
after renal transplantation devide to surgery complications and non surgery (medical) complications. Surgery complications are
mayor complication such as bleeding and anaestesion drug effect and the other complications due to transplantation process.
Medical complications are rejection (hyperacute, acute and chronic rejection), infection, cardiovascular disease, anemia,
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, malignancy, lymphoproliferative disease and psychological
effect. Rejection is the most important complication. If hyperacute rejection ocured, kidney transplant must be take over to avoid
more severe systemic inflammation respon. New generation of humanized IL-2 receptor antibody, daclizumab (zenapax) can
decrease the incident of hyperacute rejection. Acute rejection can be treated with steroid, polyclonal antilymphocyte globulin,
monoclonal antibody OKT3 and plasma exchange. Chronic rejection was difficult to treat. Immunosupresion agen have no much
role because destroyed were occured. Prevention just to manage risk factors and then wait the other transplantation. For the other
complications, the management based on etiology and the type of complication.