The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Firm Performance: A State of the Art
Abstract
This research scrutinized the impact of intellectual capital on firm performance, identifying pertinent scientific publications using a systematic literature review. The findings reveal an upward annual trend in empirical research concerning the effect of intellectual capital on company performance. Over the past decade, Indonesia has emerged as a dominant contributor to this research. While nine dimensions of intellectual capital have been pinpointed, three specific dimensions are predominantly studied. Research on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) has been a focal point over the last ten years. Additionally, Andreeva & Garanina’s 2016 study stands out as a frequently cited work.
Furthermore, the conceptualization of intellectual capital and the evolution of its dimensions were significantly influenced by foundational research. These insights, distilled from the analysis of 35 empirical research articles, enrich the ongoing discourse on intellectual capital and its connection to firm performance. It's noteworthy that human, structural, and relational capital have emerged as dominant dimensions of intellectual capital. This study underscores the importance and prevalence of intellectual capital concepts that various firms leverage to bolster their performance.
Keywords: intellectual capital, firm performance, systematic review
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References
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Aljuboori, Z. M., Singh, H., Haddad, H., Al-Ramahi, N. M., & Ali, M. A. (2022). Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance Correlation: The Mediation Role of Innovation Capability in Malaysian Manufacturing SMEs Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010154
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2020). INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DIMENSIONS PRACTICES ON SMES PERFORMANCE. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 26(2), 1–7.
Andreeva, T., & Garanina, T. (2016). Do all elements of intellectual capital matter for organizational performance? Evidence from Russian context. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 17(2), 397–412. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2015-0062
Andreeva, T., & Garanina, T. (2017). Intellectual capital and its impact on the financial performance of Russian manufacturing companies. Foresight and STI Governance, 11(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2017.1.31.40
Arvidsson, S. (2011). Disclosure of non-financial information in the annual report: A management-team perspective. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12(2), 277–300. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691931111123421
Asiaei, K., Barani, O., Bontis, N., & Arabahmadi, M. (2020). Unpacking the black box: How intrapreneurship intervenes in the intellectual capital-performance relationship? Journal of Intellectual Capital, 21(6), 809–834. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-06-2019-0147
Asiaei, K., & Jusoh, R. (2015). A multidimensional view of intellectual capital: The impact on organizational performance. Management Decision, 53(3), 668–697. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-2014-0300
Asiaei, K., Jusoh, R., & Bontis, N. (2018). Intellectual capital and performance measurement systems in Iran. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 19(2), 294–320. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2016-0125
Astuti, P. D., Chariri, A., & Rohman, A. (2020). Investigation of Intellectual Capital and Organisational Performance in Supply Chain Management: Modification of the Diamond Specification Model. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 9(2), 677–684.
Bansal, S., Garg, I., Jain, M., & Yadav, A. (2023). Improving the performance/competency of small and medium enterprises through intellectual capital. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 24(3), 830–853. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2021-0189
Barkat, W., Beh, L. S., Ahmed, A., & Ahmed, R. (2018). Impact of intellectual capital on innovation capability and organizational performance: An empirical investigation. Serbian Journal of Management, 13(2), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.5937/sjm13-16997
Beltramino, N. S., Garcia-Perez-de-Lema, D., & Valdez-Juarez, L. E. (2022). The role of intellectual capital on process and products innovation. Empirical study in SMEs in an emerging country. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(4), 741–764. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2020-0234
Bontis, N. (1998). Intellectual capital: an exploratory study that develops measures and models. Management Decision, 36(2), 63–76.
Bontis, N., Keow, W. C. C., & Richardson, S. (2000). Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930010324188
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Dabić, M., Lažnjak, J., Smallbone, D., & Švarc, J. (2019). Intellectual capital, organisational climate, innovation culture, and SME performance: Evidence from Croatia. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(4), 522–544. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-04-2018-0117
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Do, M. H., Thanh Tam, V., & Kim-Duc, N. (2022). Investigating intellectual capital: The role of intellectual property rights reform. Cogent Economics and Finance, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2106630
Dost, M., Badir, Y. F., Ali, Z., & Tariq, A. (2016). The impact of intellectual capital on innovation generation and adoption. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 17(4), 675–695. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-04-2016-0047
Duodu, B., & Rowlinson, S. (2021). Intellectual Capital, Innovation, and Performance in Construction Contracting Firms. Journal of Management in Engineering, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000864
Dzinkowski, R. (2000). The Measurement and Management of Intellectual Capital. Management Accounting, 78(2), 32–36. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247931350
Edvinsson, L., & Malone, M. S. (1997). Intellectual Capital: Realizing Your Company’s True Value by Finding Its Hidden Brainpower. Harper Business.
Ettehadi, S., & Seyyedi, M. H. (2016). Study of Effect of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Performance in Iranian Organizations. Social Sciences (Pakistan), 11(24), 5969–5972. https://doi.org/10.3923/sscience.2016.5969.5972
Falagas, M. E., Pitsouni, E. I., Malietzis, G. A., & Pappas, G. (2008). Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar: strengths and weaknesses. The FASEB Journal, 22(2), 338–342. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.07-9492LSF
Farah, A., & Abouzeid, S. (2017). The impact of intellectual capital on performance: Evidence from the public sector. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, 9(2), 225–238.
Foster, B., Saputra, J., Johansyah, M. D., & Muhammad, Z. (2022). Do intellectual capital and environmental uncertainty affect firm performance? A mediating role of value chain. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 10(3), 1055–1064. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2022.2.006
Gómez-Valenzuela, V. (2022). Intellectual capital factors at work in Dominican firms: understanding their influence. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00205-8
Hapsari, D. W., Yadiati, W., Suharman, H., & Rosdini, D. (2021). Intellectual Capital and Environmental Uncertainty on Firm Performance: The mediating role of the value chain. Quality - Access to Success, 22(185), 169–176. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/22.185.23
Hu, Y. P., & Lee, C. M. (2022). Impact of Intellectual Capital on International Trade: Knowledge Management and Business Processes as Intermediaries. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 5(2), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.396
Ibarra-Cisneros, M. A., Hernández-Perlines, F., & Rodríguez-García, M. (2020). Intellectual capital, organisational performance and competitive advantage. European Journal of International Management, 14(6), 976–998.
Inkinen, H. (2015). Review of empirical research on intellectual capital and firm performance. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 16(3), 518–565. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-01-2015-0002
Kengatharan, N. (2019). A knowledge-based theory of the firm: Nexus of intellectual capital, productivity and firms’ performance. International Journal of Manpower, 40(6), 1056–1074. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-03-2018-0096
Kerdpitak, C., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2019). Investigating the role of intellectual capital on the performance of pharmaceutical firms in Thailand. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 10(2), 244–252. https://doi.org/10.5530/srp.2019.2.33
Khalique, M., Hina, K., Ramayah, T., & Shaari, J. A. N. bin. (2020). Intellectual capital in tourism SMEs in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 21(3), 333–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2018-0206
Khan, N. U., Li, S., Khan, S. Z., & Anwar, M. (2019). Entrepreneurial orientation, intellectual capital, IT capability, and performance. Human Systems Management, 38(3), 297–312. https://doi.org/10.3233/HSM-180393
Khattak, M. S., & Shah, S. Z. A. (2020). The role of intellectual and financial capital in competitiveness and performance: A study of emerging small and medium enterprises. Business Strategy and Development, 3(4), 422–434. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.106
Laallam, A., Uluyol, B., Kassim, S., & Engku Ali, E. R. A. (2022). The components of intellectual capital and organisational performance in waqf institutions: evidence from Algeria based on structural equation modelling. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 13(7), 1110–1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-07-2021-0192
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Marimuthu, M., Arokiasamy, L., & Ismail, M. (2009). HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPMENTAL ECONOMICS. The Journal of International Social Research, 2(8).
Masoomzadeh, A., Zakaria, W. N. W., Masrom, M., & Khademi, T. (2020). Intellectual Capital as Key Asset in Iranian Automotive Industry. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 8(1), 429–439.
Mata, M. N., Aftab, H., Martins, J. M., Aslam, S., Majeed, M. U., Correia, A. B., & Rita, J. X. (2021). The role of Intellectual capital in shaping Business performance: Mediating role of Innovation and Learning. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(2). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353342628
McDowell, W. C., Peake, W. O., Coder, L. A., & Harris, M. L. (2018). Building small firm performance through intellectual capital development: Exploring innovation as the “black box.” Journal of Business Research, 88, 321–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.025
Meihami, B., Varmaghani, Z., & Meihami, H. (2014). Role of Intellectual Capital on Firm Performance (Evidence from Iranian Companies) . International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 1(1), 43–50.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). SOCIAL CAPITAL, INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, AND THE ORGANIZATIONAL ADVANTAGE. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242–266.
Nhon, H. T., Thong, B. Q., & Trung, N. Q. (2020). The effects of intellectual capital on information communication technology firm performance: A moderated mediation analysis of environmental uncertainty. Cogent Business and Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1823584
Pratama, B. C., & Innayah, M. N. (2021). Can family ownership strengthen the relationship between intellectual capital and performance in asean high-tech firms? International Journal of Business and Society, 22(3), 1102–1122. https://doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.4286.2021
Purnomo, S., Purwandari, S., & Sentosa, I. (2022). Sustainability MSMEs Performance and Income Distribution: Role of Intellectual Capital and Strategic Orientations. Journal of Distribution Science, 20(4), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.20.04.202204.85
Ramírez, Y., Dieguez-Soto, J., & Manzaneque, M. (2021). How does intellectual capital efficiency affect firm performance? The moderating role of family management. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 70(2), 297–324. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-03-2019-0119
Roos, G., & Roos, J. (1997). Measuring your Company’s Intellectual Performance. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 413–426.
Ståhle, P., Ståhle, S., & Aho, S. (2011). Value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC): a critical analysis. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12(4), 531–551. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691931111181715
Stewart, T. A. (1997). Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth of Organizations. Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group. Inc.
Subramaniam, M., & Youndt, M. A. (2005). The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Types of Innovative Capabilities. The Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), 450–463.
Suharman, H., Alipudin, A., & Hidayah, N. (2022). Corporate Social Responsibility, Intellectual Capital, and Corporate Performance in State-Owned Enterprises. Quality - Access to Success, 23(189), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/23.189.04
Sullivan, P. H. (1998). Profiting from intellectual capital: Extracting value from innovation. John Wiley & Sons.
Sveiby, K. E. (1997). The new organizational wealth: Managing & measuring knowledge-based assets. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
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Aljuboori, Z. M., Singh, H., Haddad, H., Al-Ramahi, N. M., & Ali, M. A. (2022). Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance Correlation: The Mediation Role of Innovation Capability in Malaysian Manufacturing SMEs Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010154
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2020). INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL DIMENSIONS PRACTICES ON SMES PERFORMANCE. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 26(2), 1–7.
Andreeva, T., & Garanina, T. (2016). Do all elements of intellectual capital matter for organizational performance? Evidence from Russian context. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 17(2), 397–412. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2015-0062
Andreeva, T., & Garanina, T. (2017). Intellectual capital and its impact on the financial performance of Russian manufacturing companies. Foresight and STI Governance, 11(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.17323/2500-2597.2017.1.31.40
Arvidsson, S. (2011). Disclosure of non-financial information in the annual report: A management-team perspective. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12(2), 277–300. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691931111123421
Asiaei, K., Barani, O., Bontis, N., & Arabahmadi, M. (2020). Unpacking the black box: How intrapreneurship intervenes in the intellectual capital-performance relationship? Journal of Intellectual Capital, 21(6), 809–834. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-06-2019-0147
Asiaei, K., & Jusoh, R. (2015). A multidimensional view of intellectual capital: The impact on organizational performance. Management Decision, 53(3), 668–697. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-2014-0300
Asiaei, K., Jusoh, R., & Bontis, N. (2018). Intellectual capital and performance measurement systems in Iran. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 19(2), 294–320. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2016-0125
Astuti, P. D., Chariri, A., & Rohman, A. (2020). Investigation of Intellectual Capital and Organisational Performance in Supply Chain Management: Modification of the Diamond Specification Model. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 9(2), 677–684.
Bansal, S., Garg, I., Jain, M., & Yadav, A. (2023). Improving the performance/competency of small and medium enterprises through intellectual capital. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 24(3), 830–853. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2021-0189
Barkat, W., Beh, L. S., Ahmed, A., & Ahmed, R. (2018). Impact of intellectual capital on innovation capability and organizational performance: An empirical investigation. Serbian Journal of Management, 13(2), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.5937/sjm13-16997
Beltramino, N. S., Garcia-Perez-de-Lema, D., & Valdez-Juarez, L. E. (2022). The role of intellectual capital on process and products innovation. Empirical study in SMEs in an emerging country. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(4), 741–764. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2020-0234
Bontis, N. (1998). Intellectual capital: an exploratory study that develops measures and models. Management Decision, 36(2), 63–76.
Bontis, N., Keow, W. C. C., & Richardson, S. (2000). Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930010324188
Corrado, C., Haskel, J., Jona-Lasinio, C., & Iommi, M. (2018). Intangible investment in the EU and US before and since the Great Recession and its contribution to productivity growth. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v2i1.205
Dabić, M., Lažnjak, J., Smallbone, D., & Švarc, J. (2019). Intellectual capital, organisational climate, innovation culture, and SME performance: Evidence from Croatia. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(4), 522–544. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-04-2018-0117
Denyer, D., & Tranfield, D. (2009). Producing a systematic review.
Do, M. H., Thanh Tam, V., & Kim-Duc, N. (2022). Investigating intellectual capital: The role of intellectual property rights reform. Cogent Economics and Finance, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2106630
Dost, M., Badir, Y. F., Ali, Z., & Tariq, A. (2016). The impact of intellectual capital on innovation generation and adoption. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 17(4), 675–695. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-04-2016-0047
Duodu, B., & Rowlinson, S. (2021). Intellectual Capital, Innovation, and Performance in Construction Contracting Firms. Journal of Management in Engineering, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000864
Dzinkowski, R. (2000). The Measurement and Management of Intellectual Capital. Management Accounting, 78(2), 32–36. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247931350
Edvinsson, L., & Malone, M. S. (1997). Intellectual Capital: Realizing Your Company’s True Value by Finding Its Hidden Brainpower. Harper Business.
Ettehadi, S., & Seyyedi, M. H. (2016). Study of Effect of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Performance in Iranian Organizations. Social Sciences (Pakistan), 11(24), 5969–5972. https://doi.org/10.3923/sscience.2016.5969.5972
Falagas, M. E., Pitsouni, E. I., Malietzis, G. A., & Pappas, G. (2008). Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar: strengths and weaknesses. The FASEB Journal, 22(2), 338–342. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.07-9492LSF
Farah, A., & Abouzeid, S. (2017). The impact of intellectual capital on performance: Evidence from the public sector. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, 9(2), 225–238.
Foster, B., Saputra, J., Johansyah, M. D., & Muhammad, Z. (2022). Do intellectual capital and environmental uncertainty affect firm performance? A mediating role of value chain. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 10(3), 1055–1064. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2022.2.006
Gómez-Valenzuela, V. (2022). Intellectual capital factors at work in Dominican firms: understanding their influence. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00205-8
Hapsari, D. W., Yadiati, W., Suharman, H., & Rosdini, D. (2021). Intellectual Capital and Environmental Uncertainty on Firm Performance: The mediating role of the value chain. Quality - Access to Success, 22(185), 169–176. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/22.185.23
Hu, Y. P., & Lee, C. M. (2022). Impact of Intellectual Capital on International Trade: Knowledge Management and Business Processes as Intermediaries. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 5(2), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v5i2.396
Ibarra-Cisneros, M. A., Hernández-Perlines, F., & Rodríguez-García, M. (2020). Intellectual capital, organisational performance and competitive advantage. European Journal of International Management, 14(6), 976–998.
Inkinen, H. (2015). Review of empirical research on intellectual capital and firm performance. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 16(3), 518–565. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-01-2015-0002
Kengatharan, N. (2019). A knowledge-based theory of the firm: Nexus of intellectual capital, productivity and firms’ performance. International Journal of Manpower, 40(6), 1056–1074. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-03-2018-0096
Kerdpitak, C., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2019). Investigating the role of intellectual capital on the performance of pharmaceutical firms in Thailand. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 10(2), 244–252. https://doi.org/10.5530/srp.2019.2.33
Khalique, M., Hina, K., Ramayah, T., & Shaari, J. A. N. bin. (2020). Intellectual capital in tourism SMEs in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 21(3), 333–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2018-0206
Khan, N. U., Li, S., Khan, S. Z., & Anwar, M. (2019). Entrepreneurial orientation, intellectual capital, IT capability, and performance. Human Systems Management, 38(3), 297–312. https://doi.org/10.3233/HSM-180393
Khattak, M. S., & Shah, S. Z. A. (2020). The role of intellectual and financial capital in competitiveness and performance: A study of emerging small and medium enterprises. Business Strategy and Development, 3(4), 422–434. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.106
Laallam, A., Uluyol, B., Kassim, S., & Engku Ali, E. R. A. (2022). The components of intellectual capital and organisational performance in waqf institutions: evidence from Algeria based on structural equation modelling. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 13(7), 1110–1136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-07-2021-0192
MAHAPUTRA, I. N. K. A., WIAGUSTINI, N. L. P., YADNYANA, I. K., & ARTINI, N. L. G. S. (2021). Organization Behavior, Intellectual Capital, and Performance: A Case Study of Microfinance Institutions in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(4), 549–561. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no4.0549
Marimuthu, M., Arokiasamy, L., & Ismail, M. (2009). HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPMENTAL ECONOMICS. The Journal of International Social Research, 2(8).
Masoomzadeh, A., Zakaria, W. N. W., Masrom, M., & Khademi, T. (2020). Intellectual Capital as Key Asset in Iranian Automotive Industry. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 8(1), 429–439.
Mata, M. N., Aftab, H., Martins, J. M., Aslam, S., Majeed, M. U., Correia, A. B., & Rita, J. X. (2021). The role of Intellectual capital in shaping Business performance: Mediating role of Innovation and Learning. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(2). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353342628
McDowell, W. C., Peake, W. O., Coder, L. A., & Harris, M. L. (2018). Building small firm performance through intellectual capital development: Exploring innovation as the “black box.” Journal of Business Research, 88, 321–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.025
Meihami, B., Varmaghani, Z., & Meihami, H. (2014). Role of Intellectual Capital on Firm Performance (Evidence from Iranian Companies) . International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 1(1), 43–50.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). SOCIAL CAPITAL, INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, AND THE ORGANIZATIONAL ADVANTAGE. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242–266.
Nhon, H. T., Thong, B. Q., & Trung, N. Q. (2020). The effects of intellectual capital on information communication technology firm performance: A moderated mediation analysis of environmental uncertainty. Cogent Business and Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1823584
Pratama, B. C., & Innayah, M. N. (2021). Can family ownership strengthen the relationship between intellectual capital and performance in asean high-tech firms? International Journal of Business and Society, 22(3), 1102–1122. https://doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.4286.2021
Purnomo, S., Purwandari, S., & Sentosa, I. (2022). Sustainability MSMEs Performance and Income Distribution: Role of Intellectual Capital and Strategic Orientations. Journal of Distribution Science, 20(4), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.20.04.202204.85
Ramírez, Y., Dieguez-Soto, J., & Manzaneque, M. (2021). How does intellectual capital efficiency affect firm performance? The moderating role of family management. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 70(2), 297–324. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-03-2019-0119
Roos, G., & Roos, J. (1997). Measuring your Company’s Intellectual Performance. Long Range Planning, 30(3), 413–426.
Ståhle, P., Ståhle, S., & Aho, S. (2011). Value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC): a critical analysis. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12(4), 531–551. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691931111181715
Stewart, T. A. (1997). Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth of Organizations. Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group. Inc.
Subramaniam, M., & Youndt, M. A. (2005). The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Types of Innovative Capabilities. The Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), 450–463.
Suharman, H., Alipudin, A., & Hidayah, N. (2022). Corporate Social Responsibility, Intellectual Capital, and Corporate Performance in State-Owned Enterprises. Quality - Access to Success, 23(189), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/23.189.04
Sullivan, P. H. (1998). Profiting from intellectual capital: Extracting value from innovation. John Wiley & Sons.
Sveiby, K. E. (1997). The new organizational wealth: Managing & measuring knowledge-based assets. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
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Published
2023-07-30
How to Cite
JIKHAN, Fat'Chatus Chanifa; MUFTIADI, Anang; ALEXANDRI, Mohammad Benny.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Firm Performance: A State of the Art.
Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Bisnis, [S.l.], v. 18, n. 2, p. 322-341, july 2023.
ISSN 2303-1018.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jiab/article/view/103255>. Date accessed: 04 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JIAB.2023.v18.i02.p09.
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Section
Articles
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