EFEK KRIM EKSTRAK BLUBERI (Vaccinium virgatum) TERHADAP ERITEMA PADA KULIT TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) JANTAN YANG DIPAPAR ULTRAVIOLET B AKUT
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Manifestasi akut paparan sinar UVB adalah eritema yang dimediasi oleh stres oksidatif. Antioksidan telah dikenal sebagai senyawa yang menghambat proses stres oksidatif. Bluberi merupakan salah satu sumber alami antioksidan. Komponen fenolik bluberi dapat menghambat proliferasi sel ganas, menurunkan oksidasi makromolekul, mengurangi stres oksidatif, dan meregulasi gen sitokin yang berkaitan dengan respons inflamasi.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan posttest-only control group design. Enam belas ekor tikus Wistar dikelompokkan ke dalam empat kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang diberikan krim dasar (P1), kelompok yang diberikan krim ekstrak bluberi 4% (P2), kelompok yang diberikan krim ekstrak bluberi 8% (P3), dan kelompok krim ekstrak bluberi 12% (P4). Eritema diinduksi dengan pemberian radiasi UVB 2000 mJ/cm2 selama 8 menit setelah pemberian krim pada punggung tikus. Selanjutnya, eritema diamati dan diberikan skor setelah 24 jam.
Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna dalam skor eritema kelompok tikus yang diberikan krim ekstrak bluberi dengan kelompok tikus yang diberikan krim dasar (p = 0,04). Kelompok P2 dan P4 menunjukkan tidak adanya penurunan skor eritema. Sedangkan, Kelompok P3 menunjukkan eritema yang lebih rendah dibanding kelompok kontrol (P1) (p<0,05).
Pembahasan: Bluberi memiliki kandungan bahan aktif flavonoid, seperti antosianin dan flavonol. Flavonoid merupakan antioksidan yang poten, yakni memiliki aktivitas fotoproktetif. Selain itu, antioksidan pada bluberi memiliki efek meredam inflamasi dan stress oksidatif dengan menurunkan regulasi jalur NF-KB serta mengurangi ROS dan peroksidasi lipid.
Simpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian krim ekstrak bluberi 8% terhadap penurunan skor eritema kulit tikus Wistar yang dipapar sinar UVB akut.
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References
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