PROGRAM REHABILITASI JANTUNG SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN PENYAKIT JANTUNG BAWAAN
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Penyakit Jantung Bawaan (PJB) merupakan kelainan bawaan yang paling banyak ditemukan di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Saat ini pengobatan utama pasien PJB adalah bedah kardiotoraks terbuka. Namun, penerapannya di Indonesia masih mempunyai beberapa kendala karena beberapa hal yang menyebabkan angka harapan hidup pasien PJB di Indonesia diperkirakan tidak sebaik angka harapan hidup pasien PJB di negara maju. Selain berkaitan dengan angka harapan hidup, pasien PJB juga akan mengalami penurunan kualitas hidup, terutama jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Program rehabilitasi jantung merupakan salah satu program yang bertujuan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut.
Pembahasan: Program rehabilitasi jantung dapat meningkatkan kualitas fisik dan psikososial serta memastikan perkembangan kognitif dan sosio-emosional pasien PJB tetap terjaga. Rehabilitasi jantung meliputi latihan fisik, penatalaksanaan psikososial, edukasi, modifikasi faktor risiko, dan penatalaksanaan gizi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rehabilitasi jantung memiliki banyak manfaat dan aman bagi pasien PJB. Dalam pelaksanaannya, rehabilitasi jantung menghadapi beberapa tantangan khususnya pada rehabilitasi jantung berbasis pusat (CBCR), sehingga disarankan untuk meningkatkan rehabilitasi jantung berbasis rumah (HBCR) dengan tetap memastikan informasi mengenai HBCR disampaikan secara lengkap dan diterima dengan baik oleh pasien.
Simpulan: Berdasarkan tinjauan literatur ini, penulis menyarankan peningkatan pelaksanaan rehabilitasi jantung pada pasien PJB di seluruh Indonesia khususnya HBCR yang dapat dilakukan secara mandiri maupun komunitas untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dalam jangka panjang.
Kata kunci: Penyakit jantung bawaan, rehabilitasi, kualitas hidup
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References
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