KOMPARASI WORKING MEMORY MUSISI DAN NON MUSISI: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Working memory merupakan salah satu dari tiga komponen executive function yang mempunyai empat komponen yaitu central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, dan episodic buffer. Banyak penelitian telah mengkaji working memory pada musisi dan non-musisi yang menemukan bahwa performa working memory pada musisi mengungguli non-musisi.
Pembahasan: Working memory mempunyai tiga komponen yang mempunyai peran masing-masing dalam aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh individu. Selain itu, working memory juga sensitif terhadap berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah pelatihan musik. Pelatihan musik dinilai dapat memengaruhi working memory dan dapat berdampak secara positif terhadap kemampuan working memory. Adanya pengaruh dari pelatihan musik kemudian membuat adanya perbedaan performa dari working memory pada musisi saat dibandingkan dengan non-musisi.
Simpulan: Keunggulan working memory tidak ditemukan secara konsisten pada setiap penelitian yang membandingkan musisi dan non-musisi. Namun secara garis besar, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa musisi mempunyai performa working memory yang lebih unggul dibandingkan non-musisi. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh faktor pelatihan musik dan beragamnya keunggulan musisi dapat disebabkan oleh perbedaan pelatihan musik yang dilakukan.
Kata kunci: Working memory, Pelatihan Musik, Musisi, Non-Musisi
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References
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24. Speck O, Ernst T, Braun J, Koch C, Miller E, Chang L. Gender differences in the functional organization of the brain for working memory. Neuroreport [Internet]. 2000 Aug 3 [cited 2023 May 25];11[11]:2581–5. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/neuroreport/Abstract/2000/08030/Gender_differences_in_the_functional_organization.46.aspx
25. Hill AC, Laird AR, Robinson JL. Gender differences in working memory networks: A BrainMap meta-analysis. Biol Psychol. 2014 Oct 1;102:18–29.
26. Arnsten AFT. Catecholamine modulation of prefrontal cortical cognitive function. Trends Cogn Sci [Internet]. 1998 Nov 1 [cited 2023 May 25];2[11]:436–47. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21227275/
27. Studer-Luethi B, Jaeggi SM, Buschkuehl M, Perrig WJ. Influence of neuroticism and conscientiousness on working memory training outcome. Pers Individ Dif. 2012 Jul 1;53[1]:44–9.
28. Bento-Torres NVO, Bento-Torres J, Tomás AM, Costa VO, Corrêa PGR, Costa CNM, et al. Influence of schooling and age on cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2017;50[4].
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30. Kensinger EA, Corkin S. Effect of Negative Emotional Content on Working Memory and Long-Term Memory. Emotion. 2003 Dec;3[4]:378–93.
31. Visu-Petra L, Cheie L, Benga O, Packiam Alloway T. Effects of anxiety on memory storage and updating in young children. Int J Behav Dev [Internet]. 2011 Aug 12 [cited 2023 May 30];35[1]:38–47. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0165025410368945?journalCode=jbda
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Published
2024-04-30
How to Cite
DAMAR SARI, Ni Made Bintang; SUSILAWATI, Luh Kadek Pande Ary.
KOMPARASI WORKING MEMORY MUSISI DAN NON MUSISI: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.
Essential: Essence of Scientific Medical Journal, [S.l.], v. 21, n. 2, p. 1 - 10, apr. 2024.
ISSN 2655-6472.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/essential/article/view/107920>. Date accessed: 15 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/essential.v21i2.107920.
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Artikel Tinjauan Pustaka
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