SELULASE DAN AMILASE DARI DAUN  LONTAR (Borassus flabelliformis) YANG TELAH LAPUK SERTA UJI INHIBISI DENGAN MINYAK SEREH DAN CENGKEH

Ida Bagus Putu Eristya Putra; I Nengah Wirajana; Anak Agung Istri Agung Mayun Laksmiwati

Ida Bagus Putu Eristya Putra Program Studi Kimia FMIPA Universitas Udayana, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali-Indonesia
I Nengah Wirajana Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Bali-Indonesia
Anak Agung Istri Agung Mayun Laksmiwati Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Bali-Indonesia

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Pelapukan naskah lontar salah satunya disebabkan oleh mikroba yang menghasilkan enzim pendegradasi selulosa dan amilum yang terkandung dalam daun siwalan (lontar). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas selulase dan amilase dari mikroba selulolitik dan amilolitik yang diisolasi dari lontar yang telah lapuk, serta mengetahui kemampuan minyak sereh dan cengkeh menginhibisi aktivitas selulase dan amilase dari kedua jenis mikroba tersebut. Isolasi mikroba selulolitik dan amilolitik dari lontar yang telah lapuk dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran dan dikultivasi dalam media yang mengandung substrat spesifik. Substrat carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) digunakan untuk mikroba selulolitik, sedangkan substrat amilum untuk mikroba amilolitik. Mikroba selulolitik dideteksi dengan adanya zona bening di sekitar koloni mikroba setelah ditambahkan larutan congo red 0,1% (b/v), sedangkan untuk mikroba amilolitik ditambahkan dengan larutan iodin 0,1% (b/v). Aktivitas selulase dan amilase ditentukan berdasarkan gula pereduksi yang dihasilkan dari reaksi enzim-substrat setelah direaksikan reagen dinitro salisilat (DNS) dan ditentukan dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian diperoleh mikroba selulolitik (C3_B) dengan aktivitas selulase sebesar 0,068 U/mL; dan mikroba amilolitik (A5_A) dengan aktivitas amilase sebesar 0,827 U/mL. Uji inhibisi menggunakan minyak sereh menunjukkan penurunan aktivitas selulase 4,41% dan penurunan aktivitas amilase 30,96%. Uji inhibisi menggunakan minyak cengkeh menunjukkan penurunan aktivitas amilase 92,50%. Hasil ini mengindikasikan adanya potensi minyak sereh dan cengkeh sebagai bahan untuk konservasi lontar.

Kata kunci: inhibitor; aktivitas enzim; selulase; dan amilase

ABSTRACT: Weathering of the manuscript was caused by one of the microbes that produced cellulose and starch degrading enzymes contained in the palm-leaf (lontar). The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of cellulase and amylase from cellulolytic and amylolytic microbes isolated from weathered palm, also know the ability of lemongrass and clove oil to inhibit cellulase and amylase activity from both types of microbes. Isolation of cellulolytic and amylolytic microbes from decaying palms was carried out by a dilution method and cultivated in media containing specific substrates. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) substrate is used for cellulolytic microbes, while starch substrates for amylolytic microbes. Cellulolytic microbes were detected by the presence of clear zones around the microbial colonies after adding 0.1% (w/v) congo red solution, while for amylolytic microbes added with 0.1% (w/v) iodine solution. Cellulase and amylase activity was determined based on reducing sugars produced from enzyme-substrate reactions after reacting dinitro salicylate (DNS) reagents and determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results obtained by cellulolytic microbes (C3_B) with cellulase activity of 0.068 U/mL; and amylolytic microbes (A5_A) with amylase activity of 0.827 U / mL. Inhibition test using lemongrass oil showed a decrease in cellulase activity 4.41% and decreased amylase activity 30.96%. Inhibition testing using clove oil showed a 92.50% decrease in amylase activity. These results indicate the potential for lemongrass and clove oil as ingredients for palm-leaf conservation.

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