EFEKTIFITAS ANTOSIANIN KULIT BUAH JAMBLANG (Syzygium cumini) SEBAGAI PENURUN LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN DARAH TIKUS WISTAR YANG MENGALAMI HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Telah dilakukan penelitian ekstraksi antosianin dari kulit buah jamblang dengan pelarut etanol. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jenis antosianin dalam ektrak kulibuah jamblang serta mengetahui potensi antosianin dalam ekstrak etanol sebagai penurun LDL sekaligus sebagai menaikkan HDL dalam darah tikus yang hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan One Group Pretest and Posttest Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar antosianin total dalam ekstrak kulit buah jamblang sebesar 830 ± 15,2 mg/L. Uji spektrofotometri UV-Vis menunjukkan serapan pada 274 dan 536 nm, yang merupakan ciri golongan flavonoid termasuk antosianin. Hasil TLC menunjukkan 2 noda, yaitu noda (a) dengan Rf = 0,40 (petunidin-3-rhamnosa) dan noda b, Rf = 0,33 (sianidin-3-soporosa). Kemampuan menurunkan LDL terbaik ditunjukkan oleh P3 yang diberikan ekstrak kulit buah Jamblang sebanyak 69 g/150 BB dengan penurunan kadar LDL mencapai 54,5% dan kenaikan HDL 16,6%. Prosentase penurunan kadar LDL yang ditunjukkan P3 sebanding dengan P4 yang diberikan obat paten berupa simvastatin dengan prosentase penurunan 53,4%.
ABSTRACT: A research has been conducted of anthocyanin extraction from jamblang’s peel fruit with ethanol solvent. The purpose of this research was to determine the type of anthocyanin extraction of jamblang’s peel fruit and determine the potential of anthocyanins in the ethanol extraction as a function of decreasing LDL as well as raising HDL in the blood’s of rats in hypercholesterolemia. This research was experimental in design of One Group Pre-test and Post-test Design. The results showed that the levels of total anthocyanins in the Jamblang’s fruit peel extraction was 830 ± 15.2 mg/L. UV-Vis spectrophotometry test showed the absorptions at 274 and 536 nm which are the characteristics of flavonoids such as anthocyanins. The results of TLC showed two stains, such as stain (a) with Rf = 0.40 (petunidin-3-rhamnosa) and stain b, Rf= 0.33 (sianidin-3-soporosa). The best decreasing LDL ability was demonstrated by P3 group that had been given Jamblang’s fruit peel extraction as much as 69 g/150 BB by decreasing the LDL level by 54.5% and increasing the HDL level by 16.6%. The decreasing of LDL levels indicated by P3 comparable with P4 group that had been given with patented simvastatin drug with percentage of decreasing of 53.4%.
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