Uji Efektivitas Ekoenzim dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Curvularia Sp yang Diisolasi dari Kulit Anjing Secara In Vitro
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https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2023.v15.i04.p05
Abstrak
Anjing sangat rentan terinfeksi oleh spesies jamur. Jamur yang biasa ditemukan menginfeksi anjing adalah Curvularia sp. Obat herbal yang dipercaya sebagai antijamur adalah ekoenzim. Ekoenzim dalam penelitian ini terbuat dari kulit buah pepaya (Carica papaya L.), sirsak (Annona muricata L.), daun mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) dan sereh wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas ekoenzim terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Curvularia sp menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan modifikasi difusi lempeng agar (Kirby Bauer) dengan teknik lubang sumuran. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan, yaitu ekoenzim konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, 100%, kontrol positif dengan itraconazole dan kontrol negatif dengan aquades. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Games-Howel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan zona hambat pada konsentrasi ekoenzim 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 100% secara berturut-turut 3,50 mm; 4,82 mm; 6,02 mm; dan 8,85 mm. Ekoenzim pada penelitian ini mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur karena bahan yang digunakan untuk membuat ekoenzim terdiri dari zat antijamur alkaloid carpaine, terpenoid, azadirachtin, nimbin, nimbidin sitronela dan geraniol dan penurun pH, sehingga pertumbuhan jamur Curvularia yang rentang pH tumbuhnya 4.0-10 (Agarwal, 1958; Mathur et al., 1960; Singh, 1972; Rao,et al., 2020) dapat terhambat.
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Referensi
Agarwal GP. 1958. Nutritional studies on Curvularia penniseti Influence of nutrient media, pH, temperature and C:N ratio. Phyton. 10: 77-87.
Alture-Werber, E, Edberg SC. 1985. An animal model of Curvularia geniculata and its relationship with human disease. Mycopathologia. 89: 69-73.
Amelia S. 2011. Obat anti jamur (fungal). Departemen Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran: Universitas Sumatera utara.
Arifin LW, Syambarkah A, Purbasari HS, Ria R, Puspita VA. 2009. Introduction of Eco-enzyme to support organik Farming in Indonesia. Asian J. Food Agro-Industry. 2: 35-358.
Ben-Shlomo G, Plummer C, Barrie K, Brooks D. 2010. Curvularia keratomycosis in a dog. Vet. Ophthalmol. 13: 126-130.
Bent JP, Kuhn FA. 1996. Antifungal activity against allergic fungal sinusitis organisms. Laryngoscope. 106: 1331-1334.
Bridges CH. 1957. Maduromycotic mycetomas in animals; Curvularia geniculata as an etiologic agent. Am. J. Pathol. 33(3): 411–427.
Chen F, Feng X, Xu H, Zhang D, Ouyang P. 2012. Propionic acid production in a plant fibrous-bed bioreactor with immobilized Propionibacterium freudenreichii CCTCC M207015. J. Biotechnol. 164: 202-210.
Elad D, Orgad U, Yakobson B, Perl S, Golomb P, Trainin R, Tsur I, Shenkler S, Bor A. 1991. Eumycetoma caused by Curvularia lunata in a dog. Mycopathologia. 116: 113-118.
Giri DK, Sims WP, Sura R, Cooper JJ, Gavrilov BK, Mansell J. 2011. Cerebral and renal phaeohyphomycosis in a dog infected with Bipolaris species. Vet. Pathol. 48: 754-757.
Guarro J, Akiti T, Horta RA, Morizot Leite-Filho LA, Gené J, Ferreira-Gomes S, Aguilar S, Ortoneda M. 1999. Mycotic keratitis due to Curvularia senegalensis and in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of Curvularia spp. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 4170-4173.
Herraez P, Rees C, Dunstan R. 2001. Invasive phaeohyphomycosis caused by Curvularia species ina dog. Vet. Pathol. 38: 456-459.
Kaplan W, Chandler FW, Ajello L, Gauthier R, Higgins R, Cayouette P. 1975. Equinephaeohyphomycosis caused by Drechslera spicifera. Can. Vet. J. 16: 205-208.
Krizsán K, Papp T, Manikandan P, Shobana CS, Chandrasekaran M, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. 2015. Clinical importance of the genus Curvularia. Medical Mycology: Current Trends and Future Prospects; Razzaghi-Abyaneh, M., Shams-Ghahfarokhi, M., Rai, M., Eds, Pp. 147-204.
Kwochka KW, Calderwood MB, Ajello L, Padhye AA. 1984. Canine phaeohyphomycosis caused by Drechslera spicifera: A case report and literature review. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 20: 625–633.
Masri M, Latif M. 2015. Pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun serai wangi (Cymbopogon nardul L.) terhadap pertumbuhan fusarium oxysporum pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annum L.). In: Seminar Nasional Biologi, Lingkungan, dan Pembelajaran.
Mathur RL, Kathur BL, Bhatnagar GL. 1960. Blackening of bajra grains in earheads caused by Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boed. Syn. C. penniseti (Mitra) Boed. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 30: 323-330.
Mavani HAK, Tew IM, Wong L, Yew HZ, Mahyuddin A, Ghazali RA, Pow EHN. 2020. Antimicrobial efficacy of fruit peels eco-enzyme against enterpcoccus faecalis: Int. J. Environ. Res. Pub. Health. 17(14): 5107.
Nazim F, Meera V. 2017. Comparison of treatment of greywater using garbage and citrus enzymes. Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol. 6(4): 49-54.
Pascutti K, Walton S. 2021. Internal medicine: approaches to opportunistic fungal infections in small animal. Today’s Vet. Practice. 2021: 84-94.
Patabang DL. 2021. Efektivitas madu trigona terhadap jamur curvularia sp yang diisolasi dari anjing. Skripsi. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan: Universitas Udayana
Putri ACA, Suartha IN, Merdana IM, Sudimartini LM. 2018. Ekstrak daun mimba efektif terhadap microsporum gypseum yang diisolasi dari dermatitis pada anjing. Indon. Med. Vet. 7(6): 608-615.
Rao YH, Devi PS, Vemavarapu VV, Chowdary KR. 2020. Effect of pH & media on mycelial growth of curvularia spicifera causing curvularia leaf spot of tomato in Manipur. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 9(10):1721-5.
Robson AM, Craver RD. 1994. Curvularia urinary tract infection: a case report. Pediatr. Nephrol. 8: 83–84.
Sari AZ. 2014. Penyusunan penuntun praktikum berdasarkan hasil penelitian aktivitas antijamur daun pepaya terhadap capnodium mangiferae. Artikel Penelitian. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan: Universitas Tanjungpura.
Serlin A, Suartha IN, Rompis ALT. 2020. Uji efektivitas ekstrak daun sirsak terhadap jamur microsporum gypseum penyebab dermatitis kompleks pada anjing. Bul. Vet. Udayana. 12(2): 155-160.
Singh RR, Solanki JS, Dalela GG. 1974. Note on the control of leaf spot of pearl millet, caused by Curvularia penniseti (Mitra) Boed. Indian. J. Agric. Sci. 43(9): 895-896.
Strzok E, Siepker C, Armwood A, Howerth E, Smith J, Banovic F. 2019. Successful treatment of cutaneous curvularia geniculata, nocardia niigatensis, and viral papillomatosis in a dog during the therapeutic management of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Front. Vet. Sci. 6: 249.
Sykes JE. 2013. Canine and feline infectious diseases. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Wilhelmus KR, Jones DB. 2001. Curvularia keratitis. Tr. Am. Ophth. Soc. 99: 111-132.
Win YC. 2011. Ecoenzyme activating the earth’s self-healing power. Alih Bahasa: Gan Chiu Har. Malaysia: Summit Print SDN. BHD. 6(8): 9-14.
Yau YCW, de Nanassy J, Summerbell RC, Mtlow AG, Richardson SE. 1994. Fungal sternal wound infection due to curvularia lunata in a neonate with congenital heart disease: case report and review. Clin. Infect. Dis. 19: 735-740.
Alture-Werber, E, Edberg SC. 1985. An animal model of Curvularia geniculata and its relationship with human disease. Mycopathologia. 89: 69-73.
Amelia S. 2011. Obat anti jamur (fungal). Departemen Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran: Universitas Sumatera utara.
Arifin LW, Syambarkah A, Purbasari HS, Ria R, Puspita VA. 2009. Introduction of Eco-enzyme to support organik Farming in Indonesia. Asian J. Food Agro-Industry. 2: 35-358.
Ben-Shlomo G, Plummer C, Barrie K, Brooks D. 2010. Curvularia keratomycosis in a dog. Vet. Ophthalmol. 13: 126-130.
Bent JP, Kuhn FA. 1996. Antifungal activity against allergic fungal sinusitis organisms. Laryngoscope. 106: 1331-1334.
Bridges CH. 1957. Maduromycotic mycetomas in animals; Curvularia geniculata as an etiologic agent. Am. J. Pathol. 33(3): 411–427.
Chen F, Feng X, Xu H, Zhang D, Ouyang P. 2012. Propionic acid production in a plant fibrous-bed bioreactor with immobilized Propionibacterium freudenreichii CCTCC M207015. J. Biotechnol. 164: 202-210.
Elad D, Orgad U, Yakobson B, Perl S, Golomb P, Trainin R, Tsur I, Shenkler S, Bor A. 1991. Eumycetoma caused by Curvularia lunata in a dog. Mycopathologia. 116: 113-118.
Giri DK, Sims WP, Sura R, Cooper JJ, Gavrilov BK, Mansell J. 2011. Cerebral and renal phaeohyphomycosis in a dog infected with Bipolaris species. Vet. Pathol. 48: 754-757.
Guarro J, Akiti T, Horta RA, Morizot Leite-Filho LA, Gené J, Ferreira-Gomes S, Aguilar S, Ortoneda M. 1999. Mycotic keratitis due to Curvularia senegalensis and in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of Curvularia spp. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 4170-4173.
Herraez P, Rees C, Dunstan R. 2001. Invasive phaeohyphomycosis caused by Curvularia species ina dog. Vet. Pathol. 38: 456-459.
Kaplan W, Chandler FW, Ajello L, Gauthier R, Higgins R, Cayouette P. 1975. Equinephaeohyphomycosis caused by Drechslera spicifera. Can. Vet. J. 16: 205-208.
Krizsán K, Papp T, Manikandan P, Shobana CS, Chandrasekaran M, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. 2015. Clinical importance of the genus Curvularia. Medical Mycology: Current Trends and Future Prospects; Razzaghi-Abyaneh, M., Shams-Ghahfarokhi, M., Rai, M., Eds, Pp. 147-204.
Kwochka KW, Calderwood MB, Ajello L, Padhye AA. 1984. Canine phaeohyphomycosis caused by Drechslera spicifera: A case report and literature review. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 20: 625–633.
Masri M, Latif M. 2015. Pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun serai wangi (Cymbopogon nardul L.) terhadap pertumbuhan fusarium oxysporum pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annum L.). In: Seminar Nasional Biologi, Lingkungan, dan Pembelajaran.
Mathur RL, Kathur BL, Bhatnagar GL. 1960. Blackening of bajra grains in earheads caused by Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boed. Syn. C. penniseti (Mitra) Boed. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 30: 323-330.
Mavani HAK, Tew IM, Wong L, Yew HZ, Mahyuddin A, Ghazali RA, Pow EHN. 2020. Antimicrobial efficacy of fruit peels eco-enzyme against enterpcoccus faecalis: Int. J. Environ. Res. Pub. Health. 17(14): 5107.
Nazim F, Meera V. 2017. Comparison of treatment of greywater using garbage and citrus enzymes. Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol. 6(4): 49-54.
Pascutti K, Walton S. 2021. Internal medicine: approaches to opportunistic fungal infections in small animal. Today’s Vet. Practice. 2021: 84-94.
Patabang DL. 2021. Efektivitas madu trigona terhadap jamur curvularia sp yang diisolasi dari anjing. Skripsi. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan: Universitas Udayana
Putri ACA, Suartha IN, Merdana IM, Sudimartini LM. 2018. Ekstrak daun mimba efektif terhadap microsporum gypseum yang diisolasi dari dermatitis pada anjing. Indon. Med. Vet. 7(6): 608-615.
Rao YH, Devi PS, Vemavarapu VV, Chowdary KR. 2020. Effect of pH & media on mycelial growth of curvularia spicifera causing curvularia leaf spot of tomato in Manipur. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 9(10):1721-5.
Robson AM, Craver RD. 1994. Curvularia urinary tract infection: a case report. Pediatr. Nephrol. 8: 83–84.
Sari AZ. 2014. Penyusunan penuntun praktikum berdasarkan hasil penelitian aktivitas antijamur daun pepaya terhadap capnodium mangiferae. Artikel Penelitian. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan: Universitas Tanjungpura.
Serlin A, Suartha IN, Rompis ALT. 2020. Uji efektivitas ekstrak daun sirsak terhadap jamur microsporum gypseum penyebab dermatitis kompleks pada anjing. Bul. Vet. Udayana. 12(2): 155-160.
Singh RR, Solanki JS, Dalela GG. 1974. Note on the control of leaf spot of pearl millet, caused by Curvularia penniseti (Mitra) Boed. Indian. J. Agric. Sci. 43(9): 895-896.
Strzok E, Siepker C, Armwood A, Howerth E, Smith J, Banovic F. 2019. Successful treatment of cutaneous curvularia geniculata, nocardia niigatensis, and viral papillomatosis in a dog during the therapeutic management of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Front. Vet. Sci. 6: 249.
Sykes JE. 2013. Canine and feline infectious diseases. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Wilhelmus KR, Jones DB. 2001. Curvularia keratitis. Tr. Am. Ophth. Soc. 99: 111-132.
Win YC. 2011. Ecoenzyme activating the earth’s self-healing power. Alih Bahasa: Gan Chiu Har. Malaysia: Summit Print SDN. BHD. 6(8): 9-14.
Yau YCW, de Nanassy J, Summerbell RC, Mtlow AG, Richardson SE. 1994. Fungal sternal wound infection due to curvularia lunata in a neonate with congenital heart disease: case report and review. Clin. Infect. Dis. 19: 735-740.
Diterbitkan
2023-02-15
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INDRIANA, Ni Putu Tiara; SUARTHA, I Nyoman; SUDIPA, Putu Henrywaesa.
Uji Efektivitas Ekoenzim dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Curvularia Sp yang Diisolasi dari Kulit Anjing Secara In Vitro.
Buletin Veteriner Udayana, [S.l.], p. 531-539, feb. 2023.
ISSN 2477-2712.
Tersedia pada: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/buletinvet/article/view/92311>. Tanggal Akses: 14 oct. 2025
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2023.v15.i04.p05.
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