Analisis bakteri rhizosfer pelarut fosfat pada tanaman jagung dari wilayah Empang Sumbawa, NTB
Abstract
Bakteri pelarut fosfat merupakan komponen ekosistem tanah yang berperan dalam membantu menyediakan fosfat bagi tanaman. Sampai saat ini, eksplorasi bakteri pelarut fosfat yang berasosiasi dengan perakaran tanaman terus dilakukan untuk mendapatkan isolat potensial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis bakteri rhizosfer pelarut fosfat pada tanaman jagung dari wilayah Empang Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Bakteri diisolasi dari tanah perakaran tanaman jagung yang berada pada fase pertumbuhan vegetatif dan fase generatif. Isolat diuji kemampuannya dalam melarutkan fosfat menggunakan medium Pikovskaya Agar. Pengujian dilakukan dengan teknik inokulasi titik. Zona bening yang terbentuk disekitar koloni bakteri mengindikasikan bahwa bakteri mampu melarutkan fosfat. Sebanyak 18 isolat bakteri rhizosfer berhasil diisolasi, 11 diantaranya menunjukkan kemampuan melarutkan fosfat. Isolat V6 dan V7 mempunyai kemampuan terbaik dibandingkan isolat lainnya, ditunjukkan dengan nilai indeks pelarutan fosfat sebesar 1,3 dan 1,54.
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References
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Zicker T, von Tucher B, Kavka M, Eichler-Löbermann B. 2018. Soil test phosphorus as affected by phosphorus budgets in two long-term field experiments in Germany. Field Crops Research 218: 158-170.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Sumbawa. 2021. https://sumbawakab.bps.go.id/
Borggaard O, Jdrgensen SS, Moberg JP, Raben‐Lange B. 2006. Influence of organic matter on phosphate adsorption by aluminium and iron oxides in sandy soils. European Journal of Soil Science 41(3): 443-449.
Boudjabi S, Chenchouni H. 2022. Soil fertility indicators and soil stoichiometry in semi-arid steppe rangelands. CATENA 210: 105910.
Breitkreuz C, Buscot F, Tarkka M, Reitz T. 2020. Shifts between and among populations of wheat rhizosphere pseudomonas, streptomyces and phyllobacterium suggest consistent phosphate mobilization at different wheat growth stages under abiotic stress. Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 3109.
Cheng S, Ke G, Li Z, Cheng Y, Wu H. 2021. Soil available phosphorus investigated for spatial distribution and effect indicators resulting from ecological construction on the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability 13: 12572.
Edi–Premono, Moawad MA, Vleck PLG. 1996. Effect of phosphate solubilizing Pseudmonas putida on the growth of maize and its survival in the rhizosphere. Indonesian Journal of Crop Science 11: 13–23.
Fatimah, Aula N, Salsabila S, Ramly ZA, Rose SY, Surtiningsih T, Nurhariyati T. 2023. Exploration of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from mangrove soil of Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24(2): 1272-1278.
Fika, Nurfadliyah. 2023. Pengaruh modal, tenaga kerja, luas lahan dan harga jual terhadap pendapatan petani jagung di Desa Lamenta Kecamatan Empang Kabupaten Sumbawa. UTS Student Confrence 1(4): 474-482.
Fink JR, Inda AV, Tiecher T, Barrón V. 2016. Iron oxides and organic matter on soil phosphorus availability. Ciência e Agrotecnologia 40(4): 369-379.
Gupta R, Anshua, Noureldeen A, Darwish H. 2021. Rhizosphere mediated growth enhancement using phosphate solubilizing rhizobacteria and their tri-calcium phosphate solubilization activity under pot culture assays in rice (Oryza sativa). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28:3692-3700.
Kesaulya H, Baharuddin, Zakaria B, Syaiful SA. 2015. The ability phosphate solubilization of bacteria rhizosphere of potato Var. Hartapel from Buru Island. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 4(1): 404-409.
Khumairah FH, Jingga A, Fitriatin BN, Simarmata T. 2022. Aplikasi pupuk hayati fosfat dan bahan pembenah tanah organik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil panen jagung (Zea mays L) pada tanah masam. Soilrens 20(2): 112-118.
Li Y, Liu X, Hao T, Chen S. 2017. Colonization and maize growth promotion induced by phosphate solubilizing bacterial isolates. Internasional Journal of Molecular Sciences 18(7): 1253.
Liang JL, Liu J, Jia P, Yang T, Zeng Q, Zhang S, Liao B, Shu W, Li J. 2020. Novel phosphate-solubilizing bacteria enhance soil phosphorus cycling following ecological restoration of land degraded by mining. The ISME 14: 1600-1613.
Liu F, Qian J, Zhu Y, Wang P, Hu J, Lu B, He Y, Tang S, Shen Y, Liu Y, Li F. 2024. Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms increase soil phosphorus availability: A Review. Geomicrobiology 41(1): 1-6.
Lovitna G, Nuraini Y, Istiqomah N. 2021. Pengaruh aplikasi bakteri pelarut fosfat dan pupuk anorganik fosfat terhadap populasi bakteri pelarut fosfat, P tersedia, dan hasil tanaman jagung pada alfisol. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8(2): 437-449.
Moinard V, Levavasseur V, Houot S. 2021. Current and potential recycling of exogenous organic matter as fertilizers and amendments in a French peri-urban territory. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 169: 105523.
Panjaitan FJ, Bachtiar T, Arsyad I, Lele OK. 2020. Isolasi dan karakteristik bakteri pelarut fosfat (BPF) dari rhizosfer tanaman jagung fase vegetatif dan fase generatif. Jurnal Agroplasma 7(2): 53-60.
Phillips R, Fahey T. 2006. Trees species and mycorrhizal associations influence the magnitude of rhizosphere effects. Ecology 87(5): 1302-1313.
Purwanti D, Setyaningsih R, Susilowati A. 2019. Isolation and identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of rice in organic and non-organic rice fields in Sukoharjo District, Indonesia. Borneo Wetland 9(1): 108-115.
Rafique M, Sultan T, Ortas I, Chaudhary HJ. 2017. Enhancement of maize plant growth with inoculation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and biochar amendment in soil. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 63(5): 460-469.
Silva LI, Pereira MC, Carvalho AMX, Buttrós VH, Pasqual M, Dória J. 2023. Phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms: A Key to sustainable agriculture. Agriculture 13: 462.
Sukmawati, Ala A, Patandjengi B, Gusli S. 2020. Exploring of promising bacteria from the rhizosphere of maize, cocoa and lamtoro. Biodiversitas 21(12): 5665-5673.
Tisdale SL, Nelson WL, Beaton JD. 2017. Soil fertility and fertilizers an introduction to nutrient management. Havlin JL (eds). Eighth edition. Pearson: India.
Utami AD, Wiyono S, Widyastuti R, Cahyono P. 2020. Keanekaragaman mikrob fungsional rizosfer nanas dengan berbagai tingkat produktivitas. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 25(4): 584-591.
Zaidi A, Khan MS, Ahemad M, Oves M, Wani PA. 2009. Recent Advances in Plant Growth Promotion by Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbes. In: Khan M, Zaidi A, Musarrat J (eds) Microbial Strategies for Crop Improvement. Springer: Berlin.
Zicker T, von Tucher B, Kavka M, Eichler-Löbermann B. 2018. Soil test phosphorus as affected by phosphorus budgets in two long-term field experiments in Germany. Field Crops Research 218: 158-170.
Published
2024-06-30
How to Cite
HIDAYATI, Ernin et al.
Analisis bakteri rhizosfer pelarut fosfat pada tanaman jagung dari wilayah Empang Sumbawa, NTB.
Jurnal Biologi Udayana, [S.l.], v. 28, n. 1, p. 111-118, june 2024.
ISSN 2599-2856.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/bio/article/view/116786>. Date accessed: 21 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2024.v28.i01.p10.
Section
Articles
