Pomegranate (punica granatum): a comprehensive review of its medicinal properties and traditional uses and prospect in wellness industry
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing shrub with a rich history of traditional use in various medicinal systems. This review paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the botanical profile, medicinal properties, and applications of pomegranate. Additionally, it explores its significance in traditional medicine systems, including Ayurveda, Chinese medicine, American Indian medicine, and the Usadha Taru Premana palm manuscript—a revered Balinese medicinal palm manuscript, and The Holy Quran. The review highlights the active compounds, therapeutic potential, regional variations, cultivation, culinary uses, and its emerging role in the tourism and wellness industry.
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References
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Akalili Sabrina G, Probosari N. 2015. Daya Antibakteri Fraksi n-butanol Kulit Buah Delima Putih (Granati fructus cortex) terhadap Streptococcus mutans (Antibacterial Activity of White Pomegranate Pericarp (Granati fructus cortex) n-butanol Fraction against Streptococcus mutans). Jember, Universitas Jember
Aksu DS, Sağlam YS, Yildirim S, Aksu T. 2017. Effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice on kidney, liver, heart and testis histopathological changes, and the tissues lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in lead acetate-treated rats. Cellular and Molecular Biology 63(10): 33–42. DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.10.5
Alexova R, Alexandrova S, Dragomanova S, Kalfin R, Solak A, Mehan S, Petralia MC, Fagone P, Mangano K, Nicoletti F, Tancheva L. 2023. Anti-COVID-19 Potential of Ellagic Acid and Polyphenols of Punica granatum L. Molecules 28(9): 3772. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093772
Canals-Garzón C, Guisado-Barrilao R, Martínez-García D, Chirosa-Ríos IJ, Jerez-Mayorga D, Guisado-Requena IM. 2022. Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Muscle Damage after Strength Exercise: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(3): 1803. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031803
Cano-Lamadrid M, Martínez-Zamora L, Castillejo N, Artés-Hernández F. 2022. From Pomegranate Byproducts Waste to Worth: A Review of Extraction Techniques and Potential Applications for Their Revalorization. Foods 11(17): 2596. DOI: 10.3390/foods11172596
Chasanah U. 2021. Studies on antioxidant activity of red, white, and black pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract using DPPH radical scavenging method. Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan 5(2): 51–55. DOI: 10.22219/farmasains.v5i2.13472
Chassagne F. 2022. Medicinal plants used as antidiarrheal agents in the lower Mekong basin. Medicinal Plants as Anti-Infectives. Elsevier, 235–265. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-90999-0.00015-X
Ciawi Y, Swantara MD. 2006. Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Zat Antibakteri Dalam Daun Delima. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahunan Persatuan Mikrobiologi Indonesia 2006. Solo
Coronado-Reyes JA, Tinoco-Salazar J, Guisa-Morales ML, Cortés-Penagos CDJ, González-Hernández JC. 2021. Morphology about the varieties mexican pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum) and its ripening stage. Food Science and Technology 41(4): 993–999. DOI: 10.1590/fst.28620
Danesi F, Ferguson L. 2017. Could Pomegranate Juice Help in the Control of Inflammatory Diseases? Nutrients 9(9): 958. DOI: 10.3390/nu9090958
Delgado NTB, Rouver WN, dos Santos RL. 2020. Protective Effects of Pomegranate in Endothelial Dysfunction. Current Pharmaceutical Design 26(30): 3684–3699. DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200406152147
Diniasti M. 2021. Uji Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Buah Delima Putih (Punica granatum L) terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus sanguinis dan Tinjauannya menurut Islam. Universitas Yarsi
Eghbali S, Askari SF, Avan R, Sahebkar A. 2021. Therapeutic Effects of Punica granatum (Pomegranate): An Updated Review of Clinical Trials. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2021: 1–22. DOI: 10.1155/2021/5297162
Fahmy HA, Farag MA. 2022. Ongoing and potential novel trends of pomegranate fruit peel; a comprehensive review of its health benefits and future perspectives as nutraceutical. Journal of Food Biochemistry 46(1). DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14024
Ge S, Duo L, Wang J, GegenZhula, Yang J, Li Z, Tu Y. 2021. A unique understanding of traditional medicine of pomegranate, Punica granatum L. and its current research status. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 271: 113877. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113877
Grabež M, Škrbić R, Stojiljković MP, Vučić V, Rudić Grujić V, Jakovljević V, Djuric DM, Suručić R, Šavikin K, Bigović D, Vasiljević N. 2022. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of polyphenols on the outcomes of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine 23(2): 057. DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2302057
Hassan Al-miahy F, Hassan Almiahy F, Jum FF, Author C. 2017. GC-MS Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents in Ethanoic Extract of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) “Salami variety”) grown in Iraq. 10(10): 48–53. DOI: 10.9790/2380-1010034853
Heber D. 2011. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. CRC Press/Taylors & Francis
Huber R, Gminski R, Tang T, Weinert T, Schulz S, Linke-Cordes M, Martin I, Fischer H. 2017. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Seed Oil for Treating Menopausal Symptoms: An Individually Controlled Cohort Study. Alternative therapies in health and medicine 23(2): 28–34
Jayan L, Priyadharsini N, Ramya R, Rajkumar K. 2020. Evaluation of antifungal activity of mint, pomegranate and coriander on fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 24(3): 517. DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_355_19
Kase MG, Prasetyaningsih A, Aditiyarini D. 2023. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Pomegranate Extract (Punica granatum L.) in Lip Balm Formulation. Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry 12(1): 109–117. DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.109-117
Kholisa, Purwanto, Hernawati S. 2018. Potensi Ekstrak Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum Linn) ter-hadap Penurunan Jumlah Koloni Streptococcus mutans (The Potential of Red Pomegranate Fruit Extract (Punica granatum Linn) on the Reduction Number of Streptococcus mutans colony). Digital Repository Universitas Jember 6(2)
Kumar M, Dandapat S, Sinha MP. 2015. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of aqueous leaf extract of Punica granatum. 6(3). DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2015.10100
Maphetu N, Unuofin JO, Masuku NP, Olisah C, Lebelo SL. 2022. Medicinal uses, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry, and the molecular mechanisms of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) plant extracts: A review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 153: 113256. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113256
Melgarejo P, Valero D, Centro Internacional de Estudios Superiores sobre Agronomía Mediterránea. 2012. II International Symposium on the Pomegranate. Collection Numerique Options Mediterraneennees (CIHEAM)
Meta SR. 2019. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Delima Putih (Punicagranatum Linn) Terhadap Pertumbuhan E.coli Menggunakan Metode Well (Sumuran). Kupang, Repository Poltekkes Kupang
Niknam S, Tofighi Z, Faramarzi MA, Abdollahifar MA, Sajadi E, Dinarvand R, Toliyat T. 2021. Polyherbal combination for wound healing: Matricaria chamomilla L. and Punica granatum L. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 29(1): 133–145. DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00392-x
Novitri SA, Kurniati NF. 2021. Pengaruh Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum L.) dengan Batang Sereh (Cymbopogon citratus) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika 12(1): 198. DOI: 10.30633/jkms.v12i1.893
Prastyo B, Syafi’i Ma’arif A, Pratiwi DW, Udaibah W, Abidin Z. 2021. Skrining Fitokimia Dan Analisis Gc-Ms Dari Ekstrak Batang Punica Granatum (Studi Ayat Mengenai Delima Dan Qs. Ali Imran [3]: 191). Prosiding integrasi Interkoneksi Sains dan Islam
Purnamasari RD. 2016. Effect Concentration of Red Pomegranate Flower Extract (Punica granatum L.) Agains Bacteria Growth of Streptococcus Mutans (in Vitro). Surakarta, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Purwani AC, Agustina D, Hermansyah Y. (n.d.). Efek Ekstrak Air Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum L) terhadap Salmonella typhimurium secara In Vivo (The Effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) Peel Aqueous Extract on Salmonella typhimurium In Vivo).
Purwantini I, Wahyuono. Subagus. 2003. Solasi Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Antijamur (Candida Albicans) Dari Kulit Buah Delima (Punica Granatum L.) Isolation And Identification Of Antifungal (Candida Albicans) Compound From The Hull Of Delima Fruits (Punica Granatum L.). Majalah Farmasi Indonesia
Putri K. N, Wahyuningtyas E, Saleh. Suparyono. 2020. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum L.) Konsentrasi 10%, 20%, Dan 40%terhadap Pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans Pada Plat Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik. Yogyakarta, Universitas Gajah Mada
Rahayuningsih N, Assyifa SNH, Rahmiyani I. 2021. Antidiarrheal Activity Test of White Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Infusion on Swiss Webster Male with Oleum Ricini Method. JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA 19(1): 62. DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v19i1.943
Rakhshandeh H, Baradaran Rahimi V, Habibi Z, Sirousi Z, Askari VR. 2022. Punica granatum seed oil detracts peritoneal adhesion: Perusing antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiangiogenic impacts. Physiological Reports 10(24). DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15545
Seeram NP. 2008. Berry Fruits: Compositional Elements, Biochemical Activities, and the Impact of Their Intake on Human Health, Performance, and Disease. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56(3): 627–629. DOI: 10.1021/jf071988k
Setiadhi R, Sufiawati I, Hidayat W. 2019. Identification of active component in red pomegranate (punica granatum L.) seeds ethanolic extract. Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 4(2): 83. DOI: 10.15562/jdmfs.v4i2.934
Sharma K, Kesharwani P, Prajapati SK, Jain A, Jain D, Mody N, Sharma S. 2022. An Insight into Anticancer Bioactives from Punica granatum (Pomegranate). Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 22(4): 694–702. DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210726143553
Suhalim OP. 2017. Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Delima (Punica granatum) Terhadap Viabilitas Biofilm Treponema Denticola in Vitro. Jakarta, Trisakti University
Sumyati. Yati. 2020. Aktivitas Hepatoprotektor Dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Delima (Punica Granatum Linn.) Pada Tikus Yang Diinduksi Parasetamol. Bhakti Kencana University
Susilawati NM, Arnawa IGP, Octrisdey K, Kambuno NT. 2020. The potential of ethanol extract of white pomegranate leaves (Punica granatum L) as anti-bacterial. Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium 9(2): 145–150. DOI: 10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i2.258
Tang F, Hatzakis E. 2020. NMR-Based Analysis of Pomegranate Juice Using Untargeted Metabolomics Coupled with Nested and Quantitative Approaches. Analytical Chemistry 92(16): 11177–11185. DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01553
Toda K, Ueyama M, Tanaka S, Tsukayama I, Mega T, Konoike Y, Tamenobu A, Bastian F, Akai I, Ito H, Kawakami Y, Takahashi Y, Suzuki-Yamamoto T. 2020. Ellagitannins from Punica granatum leaves suppress microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 expression and induce lung cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 84(4): 757–763. DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1706442
Yuan Z, Fang Y, Zhang T, Fei Z, Han F, Liu C, Liu M, Xiao W, Zhang W, Wu S, Zhang M, Ju Y, Xu H, Dai H, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wang L, Zhou J, Guan D, Yan M, Xia Y, Huang X, Liu D, Wei H, Zheng H. 2018. The pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) genome provides insights into fruit quality and ovule developmental biology. Plant Biotechnology Journal 16(7): 1363–1374. DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12875
Zuraini NZA, Sekar M, Wu YS, Gan SH, Bonam SR, Mat Rani NNI, Begum MY, Lum PT, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S. 2021. Promising Nutritional Fruits Against Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Experimental Evidence and Understanding Their Mechanisms of Action. Vascular Health and Risk Management Volume 17: 739–769. DOI: 10.2147/VHRM.S328096
Akalili Sabrina G, Probosari N. 2015. Daya Antibakteri Fraksi n-butanol Kulit Buah Delima Putih (Granati fructus cortex) terhadap Streptococcus mutans (Antibacterial Activity of White Pomegranate Pericarp (Granati fructus cortex) n-butanol Fraction against Streptococcus mutans). Jember, Universitas Jember
Aksu DS, Sağlam YS, Yildirim S, Aksu T. 2017. Effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice on kidney, liver, heart and testis histopathological changes, and the tissues lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in lead acetate-treated rats. Cellular and Molecular Biology 63(10): 33–42. DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.10.5
Alexova R, Alexandrova S, Dragomanova S, Kalfin R, Solak A, Mehan S, Petralia MC, Fagone P, Mangano K, Nicoletti F, Tancheva L. 2023. Anti-COVID-19 Potential of Ellagic Acid and Polyphenols of Punica granatum L. Molecules 28(9): 3772. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093772
Canals-Garzón C, Guisado-Barrilao R, Martínez-García D, Chirosa-Ríos IJ, Jerez-Mayorga D, Guisado-Requena IM. 2022. Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Muscle Damage after Strength Exercise: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(3): 1803. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031803
Cano-Lamadrid M, Martínez-Zamora L, Castillejo N, Artés-Hernández F. 2022. From Pomegranate Byproducts Waste to Worth: A Review of Extraction Techniques and Potential Applications for Their Revalorization. Foods 11(17): 2596. DOI: 10.3390/foods11172596
Chasanah U. 2021. Studies on antioxidant activity of red, white, and black pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract using DPPH radical scavenging method. Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan 5(2): 51–55. DOI: 10.22219/farmasains.v5i2.13472
Chassagne F. 2022. Medicinal plants used as antidiarrheal agents in the lower Mekong basin. Medicinal Plants as Anti-Infectives. Elsevier, 235–265. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-90999-0.00015-X
Ciawi Y, Swantara MD. 2006. Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Zat Antibakteri Dalam Daun Delima. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahunan Persatuan Mikrobiologi Indonesia 2006. Solo
Coronado-Reyes JA, Tinoco-Salazar J, Guisa-Morales ML, Cortés-Penagos CDJ, González-Hernández JC. 2021. Morphology about the varieties mexican pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum) and its ripening stage. Food Science and Technology 41(4): 993–999. DOI: 10.1590/fst.28620
Danesi F, Ferguson L. 2017. Could Pomegranate Juice Help in the Control of Inflammatory Diseases? Nutrients 9(9): 958. DOI: 10.3390/nu9090958
Delgado NTB, Rouver WN, dos Santos RL. 2020. Protective Effects of Pomegranate in Endothelial Dysfunction. Current Pharmaceutical Design 26(30): 3684–3699. DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200406152147
Diniasti M. 2021. Uji Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Buah Delima Putih (Punica granatum L) terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus sanguinis dan Tinjauannya menurut Islam. Universitas Yarsi
Eghbali S, Askari SF, Avan R, Sahebkar A. 2021. Therapeutic Effects of Punica granatum (Pomegranate): An Updated Review of Clinical Trials. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2021: 1–22. DOI: 10.1155/2021/5297162
Fahmy HA, Farag MA. 2022. Ongoing and potential novel trends of pomegranate fruit peel; a comprehensive review of its health benefits and future perspectives as nutraceutical. Journal of Food Biochemistry 46(1). DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14024
Ge S, Duo L, Wang J, GegenZhula, Yang J, Li Z, Tu Y. 2021. A unique understanding of traditional medicine of pomegranate, Punica granatum L. and its current research status. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 271: 113877. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113877
Grabež M, Škrbić R, Stojiljković MP, Vučić V, Rudić Grujić V, Jakovljević V, Djuric DM, Suručić R, Šavikin K, Bigović D, Vasiljević N. 2022. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of polyphenols on the outcomes of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine 23(2): 057. DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2302057
Hassan Al-miahy F, Hassan Almiahy F, Jum FF, Author C. 2017. GC-MS Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents in Ethanoic Extract of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) “Salami variety”) grown in Iraq. 10(10): 48–53. DOI: 10.9790/2380-1010034853
Heber D. 2011. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. CRC Press/Taylors & Francis
Huber R, Gminski R, Tang T, Weinert T, Schulz S, Linke-Cordes M, Martin I, Fischer H. 2017. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Seed Oil for Treating Menopausal Symptoms: An Individually Controlled Cohort Study. Alternative therapies in health and medicine 23(2): 28–34
Jayan L, Priyadharsini N, Ramya R, Rajkumar K. 2020. Evaluation of antifungal activity of mint, pomegranate and coriander on fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 24(3): 517. DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_355_19
Kase MG, Prasetyaningsih A, Aditiyarini D. 2023. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Pomegranate Extract (Punica granatum L.) in Lip Balm Formulation. Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry 12(1): 109–117. DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.109-117
Kholisa, Purwanto, Hernawati S. 2018. Potensi Ekstrak Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum Linn) ter-hadap Penurunan Jumlah Koloni Streptococcus mutans (The Potential of Red Pomegranate Fruit Extract (Punica granatum Linn) on the Reduction Number of Streptococcus mutans colony). Digital Repository Universitas Jember 6(2)
Kumar M, Dandapat S, Sinha MP. 2015. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of aqueous leaf extract of Punica granatum. 6(3). DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2015.10100
Maphetu N, Unuofin JO, Masuku NP, Olisah C, Lebelo SL. 2022. Medicinal uses, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry, and the molecular mechanisms of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) plant extracts: A review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 153: 113256. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113256
Melgarejo P, Valero D, Centro Internacional de Estudios Superiores sobre Agronomía Mediterránea. 2012. II International Symposium on the Pomegranate. Collection Numerique Options Mediterraneennees (CIHEAM)
Meta SR. 2019. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Delima Putih (Punicagranatum Linn) Terhadap Pertumbuhan E.coli Menggunakan Metode Well (Sumuran). Kupang, Repository Poltekkes Kupang
Niknam S, Tofighi Z, Faramarzi MA, Abdollahifar MA, Sajadi E, Dinarvand R, Toliyat T. 2021. Polyherbal combination for wound healing: Matricaria chamomilla L. and Punica granatum L. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 29(1): 133–145. DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00392-x
Novitri SA, Kurniati NF. 2021. Pengaruh Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum L.) dengan Batang Sereh (Cymbopogon citratus) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika 12(1): 198. DOI: 10.30633/jkms.v12i1.893
Prastyo B, Syafi’i Ma’arif A, Pratiwi DW, Udaibah W, Abidin Z. 2021. Skrining Fitokimia Dan Analisis Gc-Ms Dari Ekstrak Batang Punica Granatum (Studi Ayat Mengenai Delima Dan Qs. Ali Imran [3]: 191). Prosiding integrasi Interkoneksi Sains dan Islam
Purnamasari RD. 2016. Effect Concentration of Red Pomegranate Flower Extract (Punica granatum L.) Agains Bacteria Growth of Streptococcus Mutans (in Vitro). Surakarta, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Purwani AC, Agustina D, Hermansyah Y. (n.d.). Efek Ekstrak Air Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum L) terhadap Salmonella typhimurium secara In Vivo (The Effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) Peel Aqueous Extract on Salmonella typhimurium In Vivo).
Purwantini I, Wahyuono. Subagus. 2003. Solasi Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Antijamur (Candida Albicans) Dari Kulit Buah Delima (Punica Granatum L.) Isolation And Identification Of Antifungal (Candida Albicans) Compound From The Hull Of Delima Fruits (Punica Granatum L.). Majalah Farmasi Indonesia
Putri K. N, Wahyuningtyas E, Saleh. Suparyono. 2020. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum L.) Konsentrasi 10%, 20%, Dan 40%terhadap Pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans Pada Plat Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik. Yogyakarta, Universitas Gajah Mada
Rahayuningsih N, Assyifa SNH, Rahmiyani I. 2021. Antidiarrheal Activity Test of White Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Infusion on Swiss Webster Male with Oleum Ricini Method. JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA 19(1): 62. DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v19i1.943
Rakhshandeh H, Baradaran Rahimi V, Habibi Z, Sirousi Z, Askari VR. 2022. Punica granatum seed oil detracts peritoneal adhesion: Perusing antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiangiogenic impacts. Physiological Reports 10(24). DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15545
Seeram NP. 2008. Berry Fruits: Compositional Elements, Biochemical Activities, and the Impact of Their Intake on Human Health, Performance, and Disease. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56(3): 627–629. DOI: 10.1021/jf071988k
Setiadhi R, Sufiawati I, Hidayat W. 2019. Identification of active component in red pomegranate (punica granatum L.) seeds ethanolic extract. Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 4(2): 83. DOI: 10.15562/jdmfs.v4i2.934
Sharma K, Kesharwani P, Prajapati SK, Jain A, Jain D, Mody N, Sharma S. 2022. An Insight into Anticancer Bioactives from Punica granatum (Pomegranate). Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 22(4): 694–702. DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210726143553
Suhalim OP. 2017. Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Delima (Punica granatum) Terhadap Viabilitas Biofilm Treponema Denticola in Vitro. Jakarta, Trisakti University
Sumyati. Yati. 2020. Aktivitas Hepatoprotektor Dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Delima (Punica Granatum Linn.) Pada Tikus Yang Diinduksi Parasetamol. Bhakti Kencana University
Susilawati NM, Arnawa IGP, Octrisdey K, Kambuno NT. 2020. The potential of ethanol extract of white pomegranate leaves (Punica granatum L) as anti-bacterial. Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium 9(2): 145–150. DOI: 10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i2.258
Tang F, Hatzakis E. 2020. NMR-Based Analysis of Pomegranate Juice Using Untargeted Metabolomics Coupled with Nested and Quantitative Approaches. Analytical Chemistry 92(16): 11177–11185. DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01553
Toda K, Ueyama M, Tanaka S, Tsukayama I, Mega T, Konoike Y, Tamenobu A, Bastian F, Akai I, Ito H, Kawakami Y, Takahashi Y, Suzuki-Yamamoto T. 2020. Ellagitannins from Punica granatum leaves suppress microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 expression and induce lung cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 84(4): 757–763. DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1706442
Yuan Z, Fang Y, Zhang T, Fei Z, Han F, Liu C, Liu M, Xiao W, Zhang W, Wu S, Zhang M, Ju Y, Xu H, Dai H, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wang L, Zhou J, Guan D, Yan M, Xia Y, Huang X, Liu D, Wei H, Zheng H. 2018. The pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) genome provides insights into fruit quality and ovule developmental biology. Plant Biotechnology Journal 16(7): 1363–1374. DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12875
Zuraini NZA, Sekar M, Wu YS, Gan SH, Bonam SR, Mat Rani NNI, Begum MY, Lum PT, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S. 2021. Promising Nutritional Fruits Against Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Experimental Evidence and Understanding Their Mechanisms of Action. Vascular Health and Risk Management Volume 17: 739–769. DOI: 10.2147/VHRM.S328096
Published
2024-06-30
How to Cite
ANGGRAINI, Putu Rahayu Natalia; CIAWI, Yenni.
Pomegranate (punica granatum): a comprehensive review of its medicinal properties and traditional uses and prospect in wellness industry.
Jurnal Biologi Udayana, [S.l.], v. 28, n. 1, p. 147-157, june 2024.
ISSN 2599-2856.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/bio/article/view/114004>. Date accessed: 08 sep. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2024.v28.i01.p13.
Section
Articles
