Pengaruh Thin Capitalization, Tax Haven Country Utilization, dan Political Connection terhadap Agresivitas Pajak
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of thin capitalization, tax haven country utilization, and political connection on tax aggressiveness. This research is conducted on manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) for the 2019-2023 period using data in the form of secondary data. The sample selection uses a nonprobability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique, there are 12 companies with 60 observations are obtained. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS software. The results of this study show that thin capitalization and tax haven country utilization have no effect on tax aggressiveness, while political connection has a positive effect on tax aggressiveness.
Keywords: Thin Capitalization; Tax Haven Country Utilization; Political Connection; Tax Aggressiveness.
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References
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Damayanti, H. H., & Prastiwi, D. (2017). Peran OECD Dalam Meminimalisasi Upaya Tax Agresiveness Pada Perusahaan Multinationality. 2, 79–89.
Desai, M. A., Foley, C. F., & Hines, J. R. (2006). The demand for tax haven operations. Journal of Public Economics, 90(3), 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2005.04.004
Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2008). Long-run corporate tax avoidance. Accounting Review, 83(1), 61‑82. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2008.83.1.61
Faccio, M., Masulis, R. W., & Mcconnell, J. J. (2006). Political connections and corporate bailouts. Journal of Finance, 61(6), 2597–2635. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2006.01000.
Falbo, T. D., & Firmansyah, A. (2018). Thin Capitalization, Transfer Pricing Aggresiveness, Penghindaran Pajak. Indonesian Journal of Accounting and Governance, 2(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.6
Fasita, E., Firmansyah, A., & Irawan, F. (2022). Transfer Pricing Aggressiveness, Thin Capitalization, Political Connection, Tax Avoidance: Does Corporate Governance Have A Role in Indonesia? Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 7(1), 63–93. https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v7i1.17313
Frank, M. M., & Rego, S. O. (2009). Tax Reporting Aggressiveness and Its Relation to Aggressive Financial Reporting. American Accounting Association, 84(2), 467–496. doi: 10.2308/accr.2009.84.2.467
Ghazali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25.
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Imanuella, K., & Damayanti, T. W. (2022). Analisis Tingkat Koneksi Politik Terhadap Tax Avoidance: Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Bei Tahun 2015-2019. PETA, 7(1), 38–60.
Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor: 12/ 3 /PBI/2010, (2010).
Ismi, F., & Linda. (2016). Pengaruh Thin Capitalization, Return On Asset, Dan Corporate Governance Pada Perusahaan Jakarta Islami Index (JII). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Akuntansi (JIMEKA), 1(1), 150–165.
Jalan, A., & Vaidyanathan, R. (2017). Tax havens: conduits for corporate tax malfeasance. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 25(1), 86–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-04-2016-0039
Jensen, C., & Meckling, H. (1976). Theory Of The Firm : Managerial Behavior , Agency Costs And Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics 3, 3, 305–360.
Khomsatun, & Martani. (2015). Pengaruh thin capitalization dan Asset mix perusahaan Indeks saham syariah indonesia (Issi) terhadap penghindaran pajak. Jurnal Simposium Nasional Akuntansi, XVIII, 16–19.
Kim, C. F., & Zhang, L. (2016). Corporate Political Connections and Tax Aggressiveness. Contemporary Accounting Research, 33(1), 78–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12150
Kurniasih, L., Yusri, Y., & Hassan, A. F. S. (2022). Association of Tax Haven and Corporate Tax Avoidance: Does Political Connection Matter? International Journal of Economics and Management, 16(SpecialIssue1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.47836/IJEAMSI.16.1.001
Kurniasih, L., Yusri, Y., Kamarudin, F., & Hassan, A. F. S. (2023). The role of country by country reporting oncorporate tax avoidance: Does it effective for thetax haven? Cogent Business and Management. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2159747
Kurniawati, D., & Mukti, A. H. (2023). Effect Of Thin Capitalization, Capital Intensity On Tax Avoidance With Institutional Ownership Moderating Variable. Governors, 2(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.47709/governors.v2i1.2021
Lestari, N., & Syofyan, E. (2023). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Thin Capitalization dan Transfer Pricing terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Jurnal Eksplorasi Akuntansi (JEA), 5(4), 1418–1432.
Mariati, Sari, P. R. K., & Abdul Salam. (2019). Pengaruh Panama Papers Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (Ihsg). Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 2(1).
Mukundhan, K. V., Sahasranamam, S., & Cordeiro, J. J. (2020). Corporate Investments In Tax Havens: Evidence From India. Forthcoming, Asian Business & Management.
Nainggolan, C., & Sari, D. (2019). Kepentingan Asing, Aktivitas Internasional, dan Thin Capitalization: Pengaruh Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/jab.v19i2.421
Nerudová, D., Dobranschi, M., Solilová, V., & Litzman, M. (2020). Profit shifting to onshore and offshore tax havens: the case of Visegrad countries. Post-Communist Economies, 32(7), 904‑946. https://doi.org/10.1080/14631377.2019.1705083
OECD. (1998). Harmful tax competition. https://www.oecd.org/ctp/harmful/1904176.pdf
OECD. (2012). Thin Capitalization Legislation: A background paper for country tax administrators. http://www.oecd.org/ctp/tax-global/5
Peyer, U., & Vermaelen, T. (2016). Political affiliation and dividend tax avoidance: Evidence from the 2013 fiscal cliff. Journal of Empirical Finance, 35, 136–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2015.10.009
Putri Malinda, K., Sintha, L., Munandar, A., & Bertuah, E. (2022). The Influence of Political Connections, and Good Corporate Governanceon Tax Aggressiveness. American International Journal of Business Management (AIJBM), 5(04), 106–110.
Richardson, G., & Taylor, G. (2015). Income Shifting Incentives and Tax Haven Utilization: Evidence from Multinational U.S. Firms. International Journal of Accounting, 50(4), 458–485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2015.10.001
Rifan, D. F. (2020). Analisis penerapan transparansi perpajakan berupa pertukaran informasi keuangan. Jurnal Akuntansi Aktual, 7(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um004v7i12020p23
Ruknan, R., Khair, O. I., & Diraga, M. G. (2024). the Effects of Transfer Pricing, Thin Capitalization, Firm Size, and Tax Haven Country Utilization on Tax Aggressiveness. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), 8(1), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.29040/ijebar.v8i1.11170
Santoso. (2010). Buku Latihan SPSS Statistic Parametrik.
Slemrod, J., & Wilson, J. D. (2009). Tax competition with parasitic tax havens. Journal of Public Economics, 93(11‑12), 1261‑1270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.08.004
Sudibyo, Y. A., & Jianfu, S. (2016). Political Connections , State Owned Enterprises And Tax Avoidance : An Evidence From Indonesia. 13(3), 279–283.
Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Bisnis (S. Suryandari (ed.); 3rd ed.). Alfabeta.
Sukmana, Y. (2020). RI diperkirakan rugi Rp 68,7 Triliun akibat penghindaran pajak. Kompas.Com. https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/11/23/183000126/ri-diperkirakan-rugi-rp-68-7-triliun-akibat-penghindaran-pajak
Taylor, G., & Richardson, G. (2012). International Corporate Tax Avoidance Practices: Evidence from Australian Firms. International Journal of Accounting, 47(4), 469–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2012.10.004
Utami, D. R., Cahyaningsih, & Kunia. (2020). Pengaruh Transfer Pricing, Thin Capitalization, Dan Tax Haven Utilization Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (Studi pada Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2018). E-Proceeding of Management, 07(2), 5988.
Yoshida, D. (2023). the Effect of Transfer Pricing, Thin Capitalization and Foreign Ownership on Tax Avoidance. International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research, 05(05), 213‑219. https://doi.org/10.56293/ijmsssr.2022.4718
Anggraini, Y., & Widarjo, W. (2020). Political Connection, Institutional Ownership and Tax Aggressiveness in Indonesia. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(5), 1‑7. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.5.528
Ardillah, K., & Vanesa, Y. (2022). Effect of Corporate Governance Structures, Political Connections, and Transfer Pricing on Tax Aggressiveness. Sriwijaya International Journal of Dynamic Economics and Business, 6(April), 51–72. https://doi.org/10.29259/sijdeb.v6i1.51-72
Aryotama, P., & Firmansyah, A. (2019). The Effect of Corporate Diversification, Customer Concentration on Tax Avoidance in Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 19(2), 196–207. https://doi.org/10.20961/jab.v19i2.475
Damayanti, H. H., & Prastiwi, D. (2017). Peran OECD Dalam Meminimalisasi Upaya Tax Agresiveness Pada Perusahaan Multinationality. 2, 79–89.
Desai, M. A., Foley, C. F., & Hines, J. R. (2006). The demand for tax haven operations. Journal of Public Economics, 90(3), 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2005.04.004
Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2008). Long-run corporate tax avoidance. Accounting Review, 83(1), 61‑82. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2008.83.1.61
Faccio, M., Masulis, R. W., & Mcconnell, J. J. (2006). Political connections and corporate bailouts. Journal of Finance, 61(6), 2597–2635. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2006.01000.
Falbo, T. D., & Firmansyah, A. (2018). Thin Capitalization, Transfer Pricing Aggresiveness, Penghindaran Pajak. Indonesian Journal of Accounting and Governance, 2(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.6
Fasita, E., Firmansyah, A., & Irawan, F. (2022). Transfer Pricing Aggressiveness, Thin Capitalization, Political Connection, Tax Avoidance: Does Corporate Governance Have A Role in Indonesia? Riset Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 7(1), 63–93. https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v7i1.17313
Frank, M. M., & Rego, S. O. (2009). Tax Reporting Aggressiveness and Its Relation to Aggressive Financial Reporting. American Accounting Association, 84(2), 467–496. doi: 10.2308/accr.2009.84.2.467
Ghazali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25.
Granda, M. L. (2020). Tax haven ownership and business groups: Tax avoidance incentives in Ecuadorian firms. Journal of Business Research, 130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.07.012
Hariani, A. (2023). Industri Manufaktur Masih Kontributor Terbesar Penerimaan Pajak. Pajak.Com. https://www.pajak.com/pajak/industri-manufaktur-masih-kontributor-terbesar-penerimaan-pajak/amp/
Hidayat, A. (2017). Pengertian uji asumsi klasik regresi linier dengan SPSS. Statistikian. https://www.statistikian.com/2017/01/uji-asumsi-klasik-regresi-linear-spss.html
Imanuella, K., & Damayanti, T. W. (2022). Analisis Tingkat Koneksi Politik Terhadap Tax Avoidance: Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Bei Tahun 2015-2019. PETA, 7(1), 38–60.
Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor: 12/ 3 /PBI/2010, (2010).
Ismi, F., & Linda. (2016). Pengaruh Thin Capitalization, Return On Asset, Dan Corporate Governance Pada Perusahaan Jakarta Islami Index (JII). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Akuntansi (JIMEKA), 1(1), 150–165.
Jalan, A., & Vaidyanathan, R. (2017). Tax havens: conduits for corporate tax malfeasance. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 25(1), 86–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-04-2016-0039
Jensen, C., & Meckling, H. (1976). Theory Of The Firm : Managerial Behavior , Agency Costs And Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics 3, 3, 305–360.
Khomsatun, & Martani. (2015). Pengaruh thin capitalization dan Asset mix perusahaan Indeks saham syariah indonesia (Issi) terhadap penghindaran pajak. Jurnal Simposium Nasional Akuntansi, XVIII, 16–19.
Kim, C. F., & Zhang, L. (2016). Corporate Political Connections and Tax Aggressiveness. Contemporary Accounting Research, 33(1), 78–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12150
Kurniasih, L., Yusri, Y., & Hassan, A. F. S. (2022). Association of Tax Haven and Corporate Tax Avoidance: Does Political Connection Matter? International Journal of Economics and Management, 16(SpecialIssue1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.47836/IJEAMSI.16.1.001
Kurniasih, L., Yusri, Y., Kamarudin, F., & Hassan, A. F. S. (2023). The role of country by country reporting oncorporate tax avoidance: Does it effective for thetax haven? Cogent Business and Management. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2159747
Kurniawati, D., & Mukti, A. H. (2023). Effect Of Thin Capitalization, Capital Intensity On Tax Avoidance With Institutional Ownership Moderating Variable. Governors, 2(1), 19‑25. https://doi.org/10.47709/governors.v2i1.2021
Lestari, N., & Syofyan, E. (2023). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Thin Capitalization dan Transfer Pricing terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Jurnal Eksplorasi Akuntansi (JEA), 5(4), 1418–1432.
Mariati, Sari, P. R. K., & Abdul Salam. (2019). Pengaruh Panama Papers Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (Ihsg). Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 2(1).
Mukundhan, K. V., Sahasranamam, S., & Cordeiro, J. J. (2020). Corporate Investments In Tax Havens: Evidence From India. Forthcoming, Asian Business & Management.
Nainggolan, C., & Sari, D. (2019). Kepentingan Asing, Aktivitas Internasional, dan Thin Capitalization: Pengaruh Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/jab.v19i2.421
Nerudová, D., Dobranschi, M., Solilová, V., & Litzman, M. (2020). Profit shifting to onshore and offshore tax havens: the case of Visegrad countries. Post-Communist Economies, 32(7), 904‑946. https://doi.org/10.1080/14631377.2019.1705083
OECD. (1998). Harmful tax competition. https://www.oecd.org/ctp/harmful/1904176.pdf
OECD. (2012). Thin Capitalization Legislation: A background paper for country tax administrators. http://www.oecd.org/ctp/tax-global/5
Peyer, U., & Vermaelen, T. (2016). Political affiliation and dividend tax avoidance: Evidence from the 2013 fiscal cliff. Journal of Empirical Finance, 35, 136–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2015.10.009
Putri Malinda, K., Sintha, L., Munandar, A., & Bertuah, E. (2022). The Influence of Political Connections, and Good Corporate Governanceon Tax Aggressiveness. American International Journal of Business Management (AIJBM), 5(04), 106–110.
Richardson, G., & Taylor, G. (2015). Income Shifting Incentives and Tax Haven Utilization: Evidence from Multinational U.S. Firms. International Journal of Accounting, 50(4), 458–485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2015.10.001
Rifan, D. F. (2020). Analisis penerapan transparansi perpajakan berupa pertukaran informasi keuangan. Jurnal Akuntansi Aktual, 7(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um004v7i12020p23
Ruknan, R., Khair, O. I., & Diraga, M. G. (2024). the Effects of Transfer Pricing, Thin Capitalization, Firm Size, and Tax Haven Country Utilization on Tax Aggressiveness. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), 8(1), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.29040/ijebar.v8i1.11170
Santoso. (2010). Buku Latihan SPSS Statistic Parametrik.
Slemrod, J., & Wilson, J. D. (2009). Tax competition with parasitic tax havens. Journal of Public Economics, 93(11‑12), 1261‑1270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.08.004
Sudibyo, Y. A., & Jianfu, S. (2016). Political Connections , State Owned Enterprises And Tax Avoidance : An Evidence From Indonesia. 13(3), 279–283.
Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Bisnis (S. Suryandari (ed.); 3rd ed.). Alfabeta.
Sukmana, Y. (2020). RI diperkirakan rugi Rp 68,7 Triliun akibat penghindaran pajak. Kompas.Com. https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/11/23/183000126/ri-diperkirakan-rugi-rp-68-7-triliun-akibat-penghindaran-pajak
Taylor, G., & Richardson, G. (2012). International Corporate Tax Avoidance Practices: Evidence from Australian Firms. International Journal of Accounting, 47(4), 469–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2012.10.004
Utami, D. R., Cahyaningsih, & Kunia. (2020). Pengaruh Transfer Pricing, Thin Capitalization, Dan Tax Haven Utilization Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak (Studi pada Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2018). E-Proceeding of Management, 07(2), 5988.
Yoshida, D. (2023). the Effect of Transfer Pricing, Thin Capitalization and Foreign Ownership on Tax Avoidance. International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research, 05(05), 213‑219. https://doi.org/10.56293/ijmsssr.2022.4718
Published
2025-01-30
How to Cite
YULIASARI, Rahmahilah; RIFAN, Dinda Fali; SELVINA, Mia.
Pengaruh Thin Capitalization, Tax Haven Country Utilization, dan Political Connection terhadap Agresivitas Pajak.
E-Jurnal Akuntansi, [S.l.], v. 35, n. 1, jan. 2025.
ISSN 2302-8556.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/akuntansi/article/view/121347>. Date accessed: 04 feb. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/EJA.2025.v35.i01.p17.
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