Cash Pooling in Tax Dispute Perspective: Efficiency and Regulatory Challenges
Abstract
Cash pooling is a cash management strategy that is designed to enhance efficiency. Cash pooling entails transactions with affiliated entities, that can lead to disputes with the tax authorities. The objective of this research is to identify the underlying causes of disputes and to propose strategies for the minimization of such disputes in the future. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing a case study methodology. This entailed a content analysis of tax court decisions issued between 2021 and 2023 related to cash pooling disputes, complemented by interviews with relevant sources. The analysis identified four principal categories of causes of tax disputes over cash pooling. Disputes occur due to tax auditor factors (competence, communication, proof), taxpayers (documentation and fairness), audit methods (audit guidelines, interpretation of agreements, delineation of transactions), and the absence of domestic regulations related to cash pooling.
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References
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Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications (SIxth). Sage Publication Inc.
Bauer, A. M. (2016). Tax Avoidance and the Implications of Weak Internal Controls. Contemporary Accounting Research, 33(2), 449–486. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12151
Berlinger, E., Bihary, Z., & Walter, G. (2017). Corporate cash-pool valuation in a multi-firm context: A closed formula. Finance Research Letters, 22, 30–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2016.11.008
Bryman, A. (2012). Social Research Methods (4th ed.). Oxford University Press Inc.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fifth). SAGE Publications.
Direktorat Keberatan dan Banding. (2021). Kapita Selekta Sengketa Pajak.
Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2019). When Does Tax Avoidance Result in Tax Uncertainty? The Accounting Review, 94(2), 179–203. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-52198
Ellet, W. (2018). The Case Study Handbook (A Student’s Guide). Harvard Business School.
Fachrina, H. (2022). Evaluasi Manajemen Pajak atas Proses dan Materi Sengketa pajak (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Perkebunan PT A). Universitas Indonesia.
Filbery, M. (2022). Analisis Transaksi Transfer Pricing Terkait Biaya Bunga atas Sales Advance (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan PT. XXX). Universitas Indonesia.
Green, D. H., & Kerr, J. N. (2016). How Do Firms Use Cash Tax Savings: A Cross-Country Analysis. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2783468
Haller, A. (2019). Application of the Arm’s Length Principle to Physical Cash Pooling Arrangements in Light of the OECD Discussion Draft on Financial Transactions. Intertax, 47(Issue 4), 349–364. https://doi.org/10.54648/TAXI2019035
Kurniawan, R. (2014). Analisis Penerapan Transfer Pricing atas Intercompany Financing melalui Cash pooling Arrangement pada Perusahaan Multinasional yang Berbentuk Subsidiary Company (PT PMA) di Indonesia. Universitas Indonesia.
Luo, W., & Shang, K. (2015). Joint Inventory and Cash Management for Multidivisional Supply Chains. Operations Research, 63(5), 1098–1116. https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2015.1409
Mucelli, A., Alon, A., Venturini, C., & Lepore, D. (2020). Cash pooling: An organizational response to institutional complexity. Journal of Transnational Management, 25(4), 259–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/15475778.2020.1799659
Musumeci, J. J., & Sansing, R. C. (2014). Corporate Tax Preferences: Identification and Accounting Measurement. The Journal of the American Taxation Association, 36(1), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.2308/atax-50557
Ningtias, A. C. (2022). Evaluasi Putusan Sengketa Pajak Atas Pembayaran Royalti Kepada Pihak Afiliasi: Studi Kasus Putusan Banding Pengadilan Pajak Periode 2014-2019. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Perbankan (Journal of Economics, Management and Banking), 8(2), 85. https://doi.org/10.35384/jemp.v8i2.272
OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2022. (2022). OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/0e655865-en
Palupiningrum, N. (2023). Analisis Sengketa Pajak dalam Rangka Impor : Studi Kasus pada Putusan Pengadilan Pajak Tahun 2016-2022. Universitas Indonesia.
Parmalia, I. (2023). Analisis Sengketa Pajak atas Pinjaman dari Pemegang Saham: Studi Kasus pada Putusan Pengadilan Pajak Periode 2018-2022. Universitas Indonesia.
Pujiastuti, S. L. (2009). Analisis Keputusan Keberatan dan Putusan Banding atas Transaksi Cash Pooling. Universitas Indonesia.
Rakayana, W., Sudarma, M., & Rosidi, R. (2021). structure of company ownership and tax avoidance in Indonesia. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v8n3.1696
Sebele-Mpofu, F. Y., Mashiri, E., & Korera, P. (2021). Transfer Pricing Audit Challenges and Dispute Resolution Effectiveness in Developing Countries with Specific Focus on Zimbabwe. Accounting, Economics, and Law: A Convivium. https://doi.org/10.1515/ael-2021-0026
Utama, M. P. (2019, September 17). Menelaah Aspek Transfer Pricing dalam Cash Pooling. DDTC. https://news.ddtc.co.id/menelaah-aspek-transfer-pricing-dalam-cash-pooling-17116
Wahyudi, T., Ludigdo, U., & Djamhuri, A. (2017). Sengketa Pajak dalam Perspektif Pemeriksa Pajak (Sebuah Studi Fenomenologi). Journal of Research and Applications: Accounting and Management, 2(3), 181. https://doi.org/10.18382/jraam.v2i3.190
Yeoh, S.-B., & Hooy, C.-W. (2022). CEO Age and Cash Holdings around the World: The Moderating Role of Legal Origin. Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы | ISSN: 2073-0438, 16(4), 46–60. https://doi.org/10.17323/j.jcfr.2073-0438.16.4.2022.46-60
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications (SIxth). Sage Publication Inc.
Published
2024-11-23
How to Cite
DIASTITI, Denis; ROSID, Arifin.
Cash Pooling in Tax Dispute Perspective: Efficiency and Regulatory Challenges.
E-Jurnal Akuntansi, [S.l.], v. 34, n. 12, nov. 2024.
ISSN 2302-8556.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/akuntansi/article/view/120617>. Date accessed: 15 jan. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/EJA.2024.v34.i12.p01.
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