Pengaruh Konsentrasi Polivinil Alkohol dan Magnesium Stearat Terhadap Karaktersitik Bahan Pengemas Biokomposit Foam Tapioka-Glukomanan
The Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Magnesium Stearate Concentration on The Characteristics of Tapioca Foam Biocomposite and Glucomananan Packaging Materials
Abstrak
The biocomposite foam made from tapioca and glucomannan still has weaknesses such as hydrophilicity and low mechanical strength. This research aimed to determine the effect of polyvinyl alcohol and magnesium stearate concentrations on the characteristics of biocomposite foam made from tapioca and glucomannan, as well as to determine the optimal concentration of polyvinyl alcohol and magnesium stearate to produce the best characteristics of the biocomposite foam. This study used a randomized group design with two factors. Factor I was the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol consisting of three levels, namely 20%, 30%, and 40%. Factor II was the concentration of magnesium stearate consisting of three levels, namely 10%, 15%, and 20%. The variables observed were tensile strength, density, tear resistance, fixed compressive strain, thickness, thickness expansion, and biodegradation time. The data obtained were analyzed for their variability and followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol and magnesium stearate had a very significant effect on tensile strength, tear resistance, fixed compressive strain, swelling, and biodegradation, but had no significant effect on density and thickness. The interaction between treatments had a very significant effect on tensile strength, tear resistance, fixed compressive strain, and biodegradation, but had no significant effect on density, thickness, swelling, and biodegradation time. The optimal concentration of polyvinyl alcohol was found to be 40%, and the optimal concentration of magnesium stearate was found to be 20%, which resulted in the best biocomposite foam with a tensile strength of 2.10 N/cm2, tear resistance of 1.50 N/cm2, density of 0.40 g/ml, fixed compressive strain of 2.89%, thickness of 3.59 mm, swelling of 0.61%, and biodegradation time of 17.33 days
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