KESTABILAN JANGKA PANJANG POLYMER INCLUSION MEMBRANE BERBASIS POLIVINIL KLORIDA SEBAGAI POLIMER PENDUKUNG DAN ASAM DI-2-ETILHEKSIL FOSFAT SEBAGAI EKSTRAKTAN DALAM ASAM NITRAT
Abstract
Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) adalah salah satu jenis membran cair terbaru yang aplikasinya ditujukan untuk memisahkan analit tertentu secara selektif dari campurannya. Salah satu faktor kunci yang menentukan efektivitas pemisahan menggunakan PIM adalah kestabilannya dalam berbagai kondisi selama proses pemisahan berlangsung. Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengevaluasi stabilitas jangka panjang PIM yang terbuat dari 60% polivinil klorida (PVC) sebagai polimer pendukung dan 40% asam di-2-etilheksil fosfat (D2EHPA) sebagai agen pengekstrak dalam larutan penguji asam nitrat (HNO?) 2,5 M. PIM yang diproduksi memiliki sifat fisik yang optimal, seperti transparan, elastis, tipis, dan memiliki permukaan yang tidak berminyak. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa setelah direndam dalam larutan HNO? 2,5 M selama tujuh hari, PIM mengalami penurunan massa sebesar 4,30%. Sementara itu, PIM yang dibiarkan dalam udara terbuka dan yang direndam dalam air selama tujuh hari mengalami penurunan massa sebesar 1,23% dan 10,15%, secara berturut-turut. Tren ini mengindikasikan bahwa PIM dengan komposisi ini lebih stabil dalam lingkungan asam dibandingkan dengan lingkungan netral. Analisis spektra FTIR PIM awal dan PIM sesudah uji stabilitas mengungkapkan bahwa PIM yang direndam dalam air selama tujuh hari mengalami kehilangan signifikan agen pengekstrak D2EHPA selama proses pengujian. Hal ini juga dikonfirmasi melalui perubahan karakteristik fisik PIM setelah uji stabilitas, termasuk sudut kontak air, daya serap air, kuat tarik, dan persentase pemanjangan. Secara umum, temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa PIM dengan yang diproduksi dengan rasio PVC 60% dan D2EHPA 40% lebih direkomendasikan untuk penggunaan dalam proses pemisahan dalam kondisi asam guna menjaga efisiensi pemisahan dan kestabilannya.
Kata kunci:
polymer inclusion membrane, PIM, stabilitas PIM, PVC, D2EHPA, 2,5 M HNO3
ABSTRACT
A Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) is a novel type of liquid membrane developed for selectively separating specific analytes from their mixtures. The effectiveness of separation using PIM largely depends on its stability under various conditions during the process. This study focused on assessing the long-term stability of PIM made from 60% polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as the supporting polymer and 40% di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as the extracting agent, tested in a 2.5 M nitric acid (HNO?) solution. The fabricated PIM exhibited favourable physical properties such as being thin, transparent, flexible, and having a non-oily surface. The findings showed that PIM immersed in 2.5 M HNO? experienced a 4.30% mass reduction, while PIM exposed to open air and PIM submerged in water for seven days showed mass reductions of 1.23% and 10.15%, respectively. This trend revealed that the PIM composed of 60% PVC and 40% D2EHPA composition was more stable in an acidic environment compared to a neutral one. FTIR analysis before and after the stability test demonstrated that PIM submerged in water lost a significant amount of the D2EHPA extractant. This finding was further supported by changes in the PIM's physical characteristics, such as water contact angle, water uptake, tensile strength, and elongation percentage. Overall, the results suggested that PIM, composed of 60% PVC and 40% D2EHPA, was more suitable for separation processes in acidic conditions due to its separation efficiency and enhanced stability.
Keywords:
polymer inclusion membrane, PIM, PIM stability, PVC, D2EHPA, 2,5 M HNO3
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