The Ability of Students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten in Recalling English Vocabularies

The demand of using English as a mean of communication caused Indonesian government has drawn up English as a foreign language that should be mastered by the students. To acquire a very good skill of English, the children were introduced English in a very young age by parents and teachers. The present study conducted to find out the ability of students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten in recalling English vocabularies and the significant factors influence them. The data in this study collected through observation, direct interview and questionnaire. The observation is aimed to know the students’ daily activities in the school. The direct interview used to find out the ability of students in recalling English vocabularies and the questionnaire used to identify the significant factors influence the students ability in recalling the English vocabularies. The questionnaire for the parents consisted of 18 questions about the significant factors affect the students’ vocabularies. Furthermore, the obtained data analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The data from direct interview was analyzed by using the evaluation from Amirono and Daryanto (2016) and the data from questionnaire was analyzed by using theory from Harmer (2001) about motivation. The result of the interview shows that the students’ average score in recalling English vocabulary is 3.31 %, indicating that the ability of the students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten in recalling English vocabularies is Excellent. The teacher, parents, teaching method and the school environment become significant factors which influence the ability of students in recalling English vocabularies.

Vocabulary knowledge is often viewed as a critical tool for second language learners because a limited vocabulary in a second language impedes successful communication (Alqahtani, 2015).Rivers and Nunan (1991), moreover, argue that the acquisition of an adequate vocabulary is essential for successful second language use because without extensive vocabulary, we will beunable to use the structures and functions we may have learned for comprehensible communication.
This study is focused on the ability of recalling English vocabulary by kindergarten student in Dharma Putra Kindergarten, Kedonganan.This topic is chosen because it is interesting to find out their ability in recalling English vocabulary they often use in daily activities, especially in their school.

Problems of the Study
There are two problems in this research, which can be formulated as follows: a. How is the ability of the students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten in recalling English vocabularies?b.What are significant factors influencing the ability of the students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten in recalling English vocabularies?

Aims of the Study
Based on the problems above, the aims of this research are as follows: a.To find out the ability of the students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten in recalling English vocabularies.b.To investigate significant factors influencing the ability of the students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten in recalling English vocabularies.

Research Method
The method used are the quantitative and qualitative methods.The methodology can be specified as follows:

Research Location
The field research started from October 17 th , 2016 to November 15 th , 2016.The data source was taken from a class of students of Dharma Putra Kindergarten located in Jalan Pasir Putih, Kedonganan, Badung, Bali.

Population and Sample
In this study, all of the students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten were used as the population.The number of the population involved all classes of students from the lower grade (TK Kecil) and higher grade (TK Besar).There wereeight classes in Dharma Putra Kindergarten, among others six higher grade classes and two lower grade classes.A class of students in higher grade only used as sample.The higher grade was chosen because the students learnt English longer than the lower grade students at Dharma Putra Kindergarten.Furthermore, the class chosen was B-3 class as the recommendation of the headmaster.

Data Source
The data source of this study were written and spoken data.The written data were obtained through observation and questionnaire.The spoken data wereobtained by interviewing the students and teachers.The spoken datawere formulated as written data by writing it in the checklist and making note.The direct observation for a month was used to know in detailed process of learning English in Dharma Putra Kindergarten, especially English vocabulary.Checklists and questionnaires were prepared to be used by the teacher and parents in order to check and gain information about what kinds of vocabulary produced by the students.Then, the interview was set in ten minutes for each student in B-class to find out their ability in recalling English vocabulary orally.The respondents were taken from a class of higher grade students.They were chosen because they learnt English vocabulary longer than the student of the lower grade.

4 Method and Technique of Collecting Data
The method of collecting data is the documentation method through field research, library research and internet research.The data were collected by doing observation, giving vocabulary checklist to the teachers, giving questionnaire to the parents, and doing direct interview to the students.
Every student of B-class was interviewed for about 10 minutes.During each 10-minute recording session, the teacher mentionedvocabulary to the students in Bahasa Indonesia, then asked them to say the words in English.There were five classes of vocabulary asked to the students.Those wordshad all been taught to the students by their teachers, among others, "numbers", "colors", "things in classroom", "fruits", and "animals".The total number of the questions was 45, in which 11 questions for "numbers", 8 questions for "colors", 12 questions for "things in classroom", 3 questions for "fruits" and 11 questions for "animals".Each class of vocabulary had different numbers of questions.It was because the students were only tested by the vocabulary that had been taught by the teacher.
The teacher, then, used checklist of vocabulary that had been prepared to note which vocabularycould or could not be recalled by the students.The example of the vocabulary checklist is as follows.
Four Empat X The (√) symbol indicates the students can recall the vocabulary of numbers in English.Meanwhile, the (X) indicates that the students cannot recall the vocabularies.
The first problem was analyzed by the data source obtained from direct interview to the students aided with vocabulary checklist.The second problem was analyzed by the data source from observation and questionnaire.Note-taking was the technique which was used to collect the data.The instruments used to collect the data were papers and stationery.

Method and Technique of Analyzing Data
The result of this research was further analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative method and some theories and perspectives proposed by some linguists.
The data of first problem was obtained from thevocabulary checklist of direct interview of the students.The students were interviewed to find out their ability in recalling English vocabulary.The evaluation from Amirono and Daryanto in their book entitled Evaluasi & Penilaian Pembelajaran Kurikulum 2013(2016:110) was used to find out the score as well as the level of student's ability.Adopting the evaluation from Amirono and Daryanto ( 2016), the ways to analyze the data are as follows: First, the score of each student wascalculated by using the following formula: a. Every correct answer receives one point; while, every wrong answer receives zero point.The (√) symbol indicates the students' ability affected by the related factors.Meanwhile, the (X) indicates that the students' ability was not affected by the related factors.

Conclusion
The result of the test through interview shows that the average students' score in recalling English vocabulary is 3.31 (Excellent).The significant factorthat influenced the students' ability in recalling English vocabulary is motivation, which consists of society, significant others, teacher and method.The outer environment does not give any contribution to students' learning process.However, the school environment has very big impact on the development of English language acquisition.This is supported by the teacher who firstly introduced English to the students.The teacher trained them English once a week for almost two hours by using Presentation, Practice and Production method and repetition technique.Their family also became the crucial factors affecting their ability in recalling English vocabulary.From 24 students, there were 15 students fully supported to learn English at home by their family.Their families had their own techniques to teach English.On the other hand, the rest 9 students did not acquire support from their family to learn English at home.In average, the students obtained fully support had better results in recalling English vocabulary than those who do not.