New Priorities for Dairy Cows Feed Production System Using Fuzzy-AHP

Management criteria can be used as the deciding device of the performance of dairy cows feed production system successfulness by prioritizing those criteria, and it can be used as an improvement step. The aim of this study was to determine the priority of management criteria and established the improvement step to increase the performances of the dairy cows feed production system in Batu, East Java by prioritizing four management criteria (Planning, Organizing, Directing, and Controlling). The method used the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy-AHP) which is a combination of two methods, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy logic. Fuzzy AHP is proposing an evaluation tool which inherits advantages from that two methods. Fuzzy AHP will translate decisions makers comparison judgment into the fuzzy number. There were three highest priorities for management criteria, namely goal planning for the long-term from planning criteria, divisions of work from organizing criteria, and activator from controlling criteria. It was concluded that those three highest management criteria could be established as an improvement step for the performances of dairy cows feed production system.


Introduction
Batu region is located in East Java and dedicated mainly to milk production with approximately 22,672,637 kilograms [1] .One of the most important effort to control the consistency of these milk production is completing dairy needs [2].It would be completed with controlling animal feed.But, a higher amount of dairy cows feed makes higher production cost.The best solution for this problem is using agriculture waste from corn for producing dairy cows feed.Corn forage mostly used as forage type fed to cows for over ten years and it provides high-energy content [3].Statistic Indonesia [4] reported that average agriculture production, especially for corn are 2,6796 tons to the 2013-2015 season.
Study about management approach of dairy cows feeds production system should be conducted to determine the prioritized criteria to build an effective strategy.The difference between the successful result of dairy cows production system caused by different management approach [5].Managing production includes of Planning, Organizing, Directing, and Controlling.Planning defines a management aspect that related to decisions making which has to do and how to do that Organizing indicates the functions of management that includes an organizational structure and allocate human resource for completing the goals [6].Directing will determine directly related to the performances.Controlling are used to evaluate the result [5].
To build an effective strategy for dairy cows feed production system, it needed a method that can prioritize management criteria.The methods used to prioritize management criteria are Fuzzy AHP, which is the combination of fuzzy logic and Analytic Hierarchy Process [7].Fuzzy AHP is the development of AHP where traditional AHP still hard to exactly show decision maker's judgement in alternative comparison [8].The used of Fuzzy AHP describe better the unclear decisions than AHP.Fuzzy AHP is considered more confident to decision makers because it gives an interval of judgement than constant judgment and ability to handle the imprecision information [9].The study about Fuzzy AHP has been done in many sectors such LONTAR KOMPUTER VOL. 9, NO.[10], optimization of decision-making system [11], evaluation private institution technique [7], planning new management approach for milk production [12].
The objective of this study was to determine the priority criteria of management to build the best strategy for increasing performances of dairy cows feed production system in Batu, East Java.Research conducted in Batu City, East Java which is well known as a milk producer area in East Java and because of its good potentials supported by feed sources availability and human resources availability.

Methods
Research conducted in Batu City, East Java in particular group of dairy cows feed production system in 2017.The data used in this research were collected through the application of the questionnaire in the management sector with 16 sub-subcriteria as shown in Table 1.To collect information, direct interviews and existing document have been used.Direct interviews were conducted with the expert in the organization for determining variables of management criteria and it was supported by existing document.Fuzzy AHP is used to prioritize management criteria based on expert opinion.The methodology for the present study can be seen in Figure 1.Where: ( Where: M is an object (criteria dan subcriteria), i is an index number of rows, j is an index number of columns.l is a lower value, m is medium value, and u is an upper value 10.Determining value of degree of possibility.The degree of probability of M 2 M 1 (M 2 =(l 2 ,m 2 ,u 2 ) and M 2 =(l 1 ,m 1 ,u 1 )) define as follows: V (M 2 ≥ M 1 ) = sub [min (µ m1 (x), µ m2 (y) )] y ≥ x , and can be written as follows 11.
Ranking the alternatives based on the highest weight

Result and Discussion
Based on the decisions maker's opinion, the selected management criteria have been calculated using Fuzzy AHP. Figure 3 showed the global weight of management criteria.The highest weight (0.09) was long term goal planning which means these criteria is more important than others because it mostly consider about a decision which gives a huge impact.Toklu [14] mentioned that long-term goal planning helps decision makers to identify long term goals, current condition, and plan of the organization and usually done in strategic level, which can be different from one company to another [15].Simulating different planning horizon (short term or long term) is the best approach to mention the level of detail activity.In this step, the decision makers and workers should engage in interactive discussions to identify a range of goal management (such as technological, economic, input, process, and output).The result of discussions should present the goal of management and it must be written correctly.description can be combined in same group work and it would be considered as a significant element to increase performance [16].Dividing work can show the most suitable group to complete the task to seek specific goals.The important aspect in this step is human resources diversity that refers to differences in individual characteristic (age, professional tenure, and expertise, diversity) and how that difference directly affects the process and group performance [17].To realize these criteria into the best strategies, decision makers can build a heterogeneous team work include workers with different backgrounds to different functional works.It would give a possibility to push the superior capabilities in managing their work.
The third highest criteria were an activator.The activator is a precede condition or stimulus for certain behavior that can describe as a corrective action to return the unexpected system.It is needed to control and evaluate the system and the result is good enough or not.These criteria are applied to fulfill a control function in the managerial aspect which monitoring organizational, process performance, and human resource performance [18], [19].Basically, control function has become an important instrument for the correct operation and preventing deviations.It's important to do to reach the best results in every production and the goal of the production system can achieve correctly.
These thirteen remaining criteria can follow up strategies.It starts form short term goal planning (0.07), long term process planning (0.07), short term process planning (0.07), and grouping work (0.07) which has the same weight and lower than long term goal planning The decision makers create an effective planning by including all three remaining criteria as a follow up step.It can conclude that used of this sub-sub criteria should be the best action in the production activity planning.Then, decision makers can do some activities like comparator (0.06), coordination (0.06), training (0.06) that can be improving skills, attitude, and knowledge of human resources in order to direct them because human resources is not only a part of the production process, they also can be the key of successful production by defining and directing the process [20], give commands (0.06) because the decision makers still have to direct the human resources in order to make sure the production system performance.
Next, process control (0.05) and training frequency (0.05), determine the relation in the organization (0.04) which can be an element to develop human resources involvement which encourages commitment and cooperation, performance control (0.03), and delegation authority (0.02).Delegation authority has lower weight because the education of human resources may give high diversities, but without supervision and direction of professional tenure will decrease the performance of the production.Based on this result, the improvement step for the performance of the dairy cows feeds production system can be seen in Figure 4.

Conclusion
The study concluded that improvement step for the performance of the dairy cows feed production system can be build by using three prioritized management criteria such goal planning from planning criteria, the division of work from organizing criteria, and activator from controlling criteria.In the future study, will be good to analyze the technical, technological, and economic aspect to examine how these criteria can affect the performance of the feed production system.

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Hierarchical Representation of Each Management Criteria of Dairy Cows Feed Production System

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Global Weight of Management Criteria

FeedbackFigure 4 .
Figure 4. Improvement Step for The Performance of The Dairy Cows Feed Production System RISTEKDIKTI Decree No. 51/E/KPT/2017

Table 1 .
The Variables of Management Criteria

NO. 3 DECEMBER 2018 p-ISSN 2088-1541 DOI : 10.24843/LKJITI.2018.v09.i03.p03 e-ISSN 2541-5832 Accredited B by RISTEKDIKTI Decree No. 51/E/KPT/2017
Determine pairwise comparison matrices; pairwise comparisons are needed to show the condition of each criterion in a quantitative data.The pairwise comparisons of AHP shown in Figure 1.Flowchart of The StudyThe step of Fuzzy AHP methodology is as follows:1.Develop a hierarchical structure; the first step is to break-down the complex problem into a hierarchical structure as illustrated in Figure2.2.

NO. 3 DECEMBER 2018 p-ISSN 2088-1541 DOI : 10.24843/LKJITI.2018.v09.i03.p03 e-ISSN 2541-5832 Accredited B by RISTEKDIKTI Decree No. 51/E/KPT/2017 Tabel 2.
[13]AHP Pairwise Comparison Scale[13]Where CR is Consistency Ratio, CI is Consistency Index, and RI is Random Index.The CR value should be less than 0.1 which means the value is consistent and acceptable.6.Developing pairwise fuzzy comparison matrices.TFN is used to construct the fuzzy judgment which represents the preferences of the decision maker.The triangular type fuzzy membership function is shown in Eq. (4).