NGALAP IN BALINESE: A NATURAL SEMANTIC METALANGUAGE APPROACH

The research was intended to describe the meaning for producing the study that was postulated approach of natural semantic. In term of, one form for one meaning and one meaning revealed in a lexicon. This study was qualitative research that the data was anaction verb in Balinese language, it was “ngalap”pick. There were some lexicon to express the meaning of “pick”, those were ngancuk, ngotek, ngilit related to the high place of an entity, related to the low place can be expressed by ngilut, ngempok, mikpik, ngangap, and each lexicons have their meaning in expression. It could be thoroughly analyzed by Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) theory. The unique findings shown by the instrument that used to do something, a juan was used to lexicons;ngancuk, ngotek, and ngilit, and hands was to do ngilut, ngempok, mikpik, ngangap. It meant, those lexicons used to express meaning in taking hold of something and move it. The entity was the high and low places.


INTRODUCTION
Philosophically, NSM theory combines the philosophical and logical tradition in the study of meaning with typological approach to the study of language, and with broadly based empirical cross-linguistic investigation (Wierzbicka, 1996: 23).Based on morphological typology, Balinese language is categorized as agglutination because it has many affixes and particularly it consist of morphemes combination that was able to be separated each other.The other hands, it is to show incorporation typology characteristics.Due to have a unique meaning in a verb itself such as reflective and reciprocal.
In phenomenal, commonly, Balinese language is one of native languages in Bali society.In order to see from national language politic, it is one of major local language in Indonesia because the native speaker more than one million and has a writing tradition.It is not only as a major, however also has a unique itself.The unique is to reflect Bali society existence that known of social stratification system.Linguistics is the study of the human ability to produce and interpret language in speaking, writing and signing (for the deaf).All languages and all varieties of every language constitute potential data for linguistic research, as do relationship between them and the relations and structures of their components (Allan, 2016: 1).
Empirically, every language comes with a lexicon-loosely equivalent to the vocabulary of that language (Allan, 2016: 3).A verb is one of lexicon prime categories in language (Givon, 1984: 51).Thus, a verb can be as entity from events therefore, verb category is motivated semantically by events.As an events, it is to implicate a change that happens in time of context.
NSM theory is as semantic analysis approach that is relatively modern and is able to give meaning analysis result that adequate (Sudipa, 2015: 272).In term of this caused technically of explication, the result of meaning analysis toward a language has approached semantic studies postulate that stated one form for one meaning and one meaning for one form.However, a lexicon is able to express one meaning or one meaning is expressed by a lexicon.It will avoid misunderstanding to ambiguity meaning of a lexicon.

MATERIALS
The materials of this article were taken from the data dealing with Balinese action verb implies the meaningof ngalap.The data was provided by giving some sample in sentence that taken from Satua Bali.As well, it was explained more by picture that researcher taken directly in the park.

THE TECHNIQUE OF COLLECTING DATA
The data was collected from oral and written text sources, as well as, taking some photos directly.The oral one was collected by direct participation when the fruit season happened, the technique of observation and note-taking was applied in this study.Next, the written text was taken from Satua Baliin order to show the meaning in context.

THE TECHNIQUE OF ANALYZING DATA
The collected data was further analyzed by metalanguage approach.The language which a linguist uses to describe and analyzed the object is called the metalanguage.It follows the linguist study language as an expression of and vehicle for social interaction (Allan, 2016: 1) A metalanguage is merely another language, often an artificial and not a natural one.One important practical constrain on a metalanguage is that mostly it needs to be understood by human being who normally communicate in a natural language of which they have fluent command.The basic requirement for metalanguage is to satisfaction communicate the meaning from: entity, process, result, instruments, and emotional state (Wierzbicka, 1996: 112).The meaning of ngalap in Balinese underwent the metalanguage analysis, especially, verb: ngalap in order to reveal the implying meaning cultural-value in such both verbs.Givon (1984) divides verbs into three broad classifications namely; state verb, process verb, and action verb.The action verb, particularly, comes from act by someone or something in which pick included.The mapping of this verb is done by explication of English sematic primitives.The action predicate (D0) opens, universally, an agent slot.The possibility of yet another valency option for do, namely, an instrument options do with; someone did something with something.Do has two alternative pattern, A and B; (A) X did something (B) X did something to Y, the element Happen, too, has alternative patterns C and D; (C) something happened to X (D) something happened in place P (Wierzbicka, 1996: 123).
The Balinese language of a verb ngalap (pick) reflected corpus transitive verb prototype in this analysis.This choice is intended able to give describing of semantic structure briefly without spin meaning.The lexicon ngalapwithin their variations able to describe semantic structure by sub-component "X did something", "something happened (bad)" and "X did something", "something happened (good)".It is to represent the meaning concept do and happen.Furthermore, in relation to conducting a study of meaning from semantic perspective, Goddard (1997:16-17) affirms that there is an agreement that semantic analysis should give an illuminating account of meaning relation.

III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The action verb ngalap; the people ngalap (pick) in Balinese language, commonly has component mapping "X did something to Y" and because of this "something happened to Y".The unique of each lexicon in ngalap variations based on a tool, action model, a part of entity that moved or released, and the final result wants to achieve or agent hopes.The semantic feature mapping is described through paraphrase and descriptive analysis in simple sentences and natural.To see the each meaning of lexicon will be described and explained as follows;
I Putu picks mango up in the yard.
The entity of this lexicon is referring to the high place.The people who wants ngancukpoh 'pick a mango" needs a tool like juan 'punting pole/a long wood more than three meters and usually made of from bamboo' by a straight vertical action from down to up to Y.The action is usually done many times until the mango released from its stalk.The mapping of component "X did something to Y" the way of picking is vertical and the result is the fruit moved from up to down and getting hurt in below, "Y become hurt and fall".
This action can be explicated as follows; At that time, X did something to Y Because of this, at the same time, something happened to Y X did this something (up and down vertically) X did thiswith something (bamboo or wood namely juan) X did this many times Something bad happened to Y (fall and hurt particularly below) X wants this X did something like this The lexicon ngotek refers to entity at the high places.The people who wants to pick a rose apple needs a tool to get it.That tool is juan.The way of picking the fruits by a straight horizontally action from side to Y, this action needs a certain way in accordance with the agent hopes to get something from up.The action verb ngotek usually done one/many times up to the entity move from its places.The agent did something to the entity "X did something to Y", "X ngotek something to Y".The way of picking is horizontal and the result is that something getting hurt in side and falling down to the ground."Y becomes hurt and falling down".

NGOTÉK
The explication can be described as follows; At that time, X did something to Y Because of this, at the same time, something happened to Y X did this something (horizontally to side) X did this with something (bamboo or wood namely juan) X did this one/many times Something bad happened to Y (fall and hurt particularly side) X wants this X did something like this
I Komang picks up rambutan for the rite.
The action ngilit is used to take hold something and move it.The people who wants picking a fruit that has a long stalk, for example; rambutan or ceroring.it should be picked by a certain tool, it is namely juan that in the top has the form like a tongs.The way of picking is to rotate to the left or right by making likes a slingshot to the top of juan.The action verb ngilit usually done one time in one way, rotate to the right or rotate to the left, the entity is taking place in the high place.The agent did something to the entity "X did something to Y", "X ngilit something to Y".The way of picking is rotated and the result is that something well and that fruit is good because it attaches at the top of juan."Y becomes move from up".
The explication can be described as follows; At that time, X did something to Y Because of this, at the same time, something happened to Y X did this something (by rotating to the right or left) X did with something (bamboo or wood namely juan) X did this in one time Something bad happened to Y (move from up to down by attached at juan) X wants this X did something like this

ACTION VERBS OF PICKING RELATED TO THE LOW PLACE
The prominent feature of this action particularly the tool that use to pick something.To the high places, the tool that used is juan, next the low places is done without instruments, however merely by hand.The actions of picking in Balinese related to the low place are expressed by ngilut, ngempok, mikpik, and ngangap.The descriptions action of those lexicon are as follows;
He picks the cacao because he does not bring a knife.
Ngilut is a way of picking the fruitsat the low places toward our body.The action verb ngilut usually done in one time, rotate to the right or the left, by holding and rotate it until move from its stalk.The agent did something to the entity "X did something to Y", "X ngilut something to Y", "Y becomes released and move from the stem", the lexicon action in sentence; This verb can be explicated as follows; At that time, X did something to Y Because of this, at the same time, something happened to Y X did this something (to rotate in one way to the right or left) X did this by hands X did this in one time Something bad happened to Y (released with stemfrom the trunk) X wants this X did something like this
Ngémpok is a way of picking a fruits, the way of releasing from its place is by fracturing the fruit stalk.This action verb usually done in one time.The agent does something that makes the entity released whole or a part of fruit.It is very seldom the lexicon ngempok is used by human being, because it has a bad value in our life.On other words, it relevant denoted to the animals.The example of a lexicon ngemok is able to show as bellows; This verb can be explicated as follows; At that time, X did something to Y Because of this, at the same time, something happened to Y X did this something (to fracture the fruit until released) X did this by hands X did this in one time Something bad happened to Y (released a part or a whole from the trunk) X wants this X did something like this