Exploring The Mind of Gen Z: Deciphering E-wallet Adoption Through The Lens of TPB Theory

  • Desi Intan Berlianawati Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Mataram, Indonesia
  • Nurabiah Nurabiah Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Mataram, Indonesia
  • Rini Ridhawati Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Mataram, Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines the factors contributing to the increasing compound annual growth of e-wallets in Indonesia, particularly within Generation Z. E-wallets are favored for transactions due to their perceived ease of use, enhanced security, and time-saving features. Additionally, the attractiveness of e-wallets is enhanced by promotions, discounts, and accessible account openings. This research adopts a quantitative approach, employing Partial Least Square (PLS) software to test hypotheses using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). A sample of 823 Generation Z individuals from various regions of Indonesia was analyzed. The findings indicate that attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, usage intentions, and actual behavior significantly influence Generation Z’s utilization of e-wallets. The study reveals that Generation Z frequently engages in daily transaction activities using e-wallets, predominantly influenced by the safety and convenience perceived in e-wallet technologies. Despite this reliance, it is noted that Generation Z often overlooks potential risks associated with e-wallet transactions, feeling secure with e-wallets as their primary transaction tool. This research enhances the understanding of e-wallet usage dynamics among Generation Z, emphasizing the significant impact of psychological and behavioral factors on the adoption of digital financial technologies.


Keywords: determinants, e-wallet, generation Z, TPB

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abbasi, G. A., Sandran, T., Ganesan, Y., & Iranmanesh, M. (2022). Go Cashless! Determinants Of Continuance Intention To Use E-Wallet Apps: A Hybrid Approach Using PLS-SEM And fsQCA. Technology in Society, 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101937

Abdul-Halim, N. A., Vafaei-Zadeh, A., Hanifah, H., Teoh, A. P., & Nawaser, K. (2022). Understanding The Determinants Of E-Wallet Continuance Usage Intention In Malaysia. Quality and Quantity, 56(5), 3413–3439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01276-7

Abu Daqar, M. A. M., Arqawi, S., & Karsh, S. A. (2020). Fintech In The Eyes Of Millennials And Generation Z (The Financial Behavior And Fintech Perception). Banks and Bank Systems, 15(3), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(3).2020.03

Agbarevo, M. N., & Ukagha, O. (2018). Determinants of participation of farmers in the E-wallet agricultural input delivery system in Abia State Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 22(3), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v22i3.11

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Ajzen, I. (2020). The Theory Of Planned Behavior: Frequently Asked Questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314–324. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.195

Ajzen, I., & fishbein. (1980). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior. 1.

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1997). The Influence Of Attitudes On Behavior. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325114583

Alam, M. M., Awawdeh, A. E., & Muhamad, A. I. Bin. (2021). Using E-Wallet For Business Process Development: Challenges And Prospects In Malaysia. Business Process Management Journal, 27(4), 1142–1162. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-11-2020-0528

Angelina, C., & Rahadi, R. A. (2020). A Conceptual Study on The Factors Influencing Usage Intention of E-wallets in Java. International Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business (IJAFB), 5(27), 19–29.

Anshari, M., Arine, M. A., Nurhidayah, N., Aziyah, H., & Salleh, M. H. A. (2021). Factors influencing individual in adopting eWallet. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 26(1), 10–23. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-020-00079-5

Ariffin, S. K., Abd Rahman, M. F. R., Muhammad, A. M., & Zhang, Q. (2021). Understanding The Consumer’s Intention To Use The E-Wallet Services. Spanish Journal of Marketing - ESIC, 25(3), 446–461. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-07-2021-0138

Asokan Vasudevan, B., Thahir Shajahan, M., Hai Sam, T., Nagarathanam, R., Devi Ramachandaran, S., Panglima Garang, T., & Prashanth Beleya, M. (2023). Factors Affecting Adaptation Of E-Wallet Among Students In Private Higher Education. Res Militaris Social Science Journal, 13, 1531–1547.

Bagla, R. K., & Sancheti, V. (2018). Gaps in customer satisfaction with digital wallets: challenge for sustainability. Journal of Management Development, 37(6), 442–451. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-04-2017-0144

Bakri, M. H., Almansoori, K. K. S. M., & Azlan, N. S. M. (2023). Determinants Intention Usage Of Islamic E-Wallet Among Millennials. Global Business and Finance Review, 28(1), 11–32. https://doi.org/10.17549/gbfr.2023.28.1.11

BPS. (2020). BPS Jumlah Generasi Z.

Cahyani, A. F., & Firmialy, S. D. (2022). Analisis Perbandingan Minat Masyarakat Generasi Z Terhadap Penggunaan Layanan E-Money Ovo atau Dana Dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Theory of Planned of Behavior (Studi Di Provinsi Sumatera Barat). E-Proceeding Of Management, 9(2), 673–684.

Chin, W. W. (1998). Modern Methods for Business Research (G. A. Marcoulides, Ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Darmawan, M., & Wenerda, I. (2022). Digital Literacy as The Basis for The Use of Digital Wallets during COVID-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Komunikasi, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.12928/channel.v10i2.157

Didied, N. M., Yunitasari, F., & Oktavina Diah Puspita. (2022). Effect Of Promotion, Perceived Usefulness, And Perceived Ease Of Use On Interest In Adopting E-Wallet (Ovo And Dana). International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 11(8), 191–201. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i8.2060

Faddila, S. P., Khalida, L. R., & Fauji, R. (2022). E-Service Quality And E-Trust Models In Increasing Generation Z E-Customer Satisfaction In E-Wallet Transactions With Shopeepay Application. Jurnal Mantik, 6(1).

Ferdinand. (2002). Metode Penelitian Manajemen Pedoman Penelitian Untuk Skripsi, Tesis, dan Desertasi Ilmu Manajemen. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312

Ghozali, I. (2011). Structural Equation Modeling Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) (3rd ed). Undip.

Hair, J. F., Tomas, G., Christian, Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). An Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling.

Halim, E., Chandra, A. N., Salim, J., Margarita, V., Destiano, R., & Hebrard, M. (2021). Predicting The Determinants Of Continuance Intention To Use E-Wallet In Indonesia Post COVID-19 Pandemic. Proceedings of 2021 International Conference on Information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2021, 545–550. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMTech53080.2021.9534968

Han, M. C., & Kim, Y. (2017). Why Consumers Hesitate to Shop Online: Perceived Risk and Product Involvement on Taobao.com. Journal of Promotion Management, 23(1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2016.1251530

Hidayat, M. T., Aini, Q., & Fetrina, E. (2020). Penerimaan Pengguna E-Wallet Menggunakan UTAUT 2 (Studi Kasus) (User Acceptance of E-Wallet Using UTAUT 2-A Case Study). Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro Dan Teknologi Informasi |, 9(3).

Hinduan, Z. R., Anggraeni, A., & Agia, M. I. (2020). Generation Z in Indonesia: The Self-Driven Digital. In The New Generation Z in Asia: Dynamics, Differences, Digitalisation (pp. 121–134). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-220-820201012

Hukama, A. T. (2022). An Empirical Analysis Of Consumers’ Behaviour In Selecting And Adopting E-Wallet Services In Indonesia. National College Of Ireland.

Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: a review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199902)20:2<195::AID-SMJ13>3.0.CO;2-7

Humairoh, H., & Annas, M. (2023). Tam Model: What Affects Gen Z Interest in the Use of e-Wallets? Dinasti International Journal Of Digital Business Management, 4(2), 242–251. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v4i2

Husin, H., & Ooi, S. M. (2021). Investigating Factors Influencing Consumers’ Intention to Adopt E-Wallet among Generation Z in Selangor, Malaysia. Journal Of Advanced Research In Business Marketing And Supply Chain Management, 5(1), 32–41. www.jarims.aibma.net

J.C, N. (1967). Psychometric Theory. McGraw-Hill.

Jogiyanto. (2007). Sistem Informasi Keperilakuan. Andi.

Johan, A. P., Lukviarman, N., & Putra, R. E. (2022). Continuous Intention To Use E-Wallets In Indonesia: The Impact Of E-Wallets Features. Innovative Marketing, 18(4), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.18(4).2022.07

Kang, J. (2018). Mobile Payment In Fintech Environment Trends, Security Challenges, And Services. Human-Centric Computing and Information Sciences, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-018-0155-4

Karim, M. W., Chowdhury, M. A. M., & Haque, A. K. M. A. (2022). A Study of Customer Satisfaction Towards E-Wallet Payment System in Bangladesh. American Journal of Economics and Business Innovation, 1(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajebi.v1i1.144

Khan, F., Ateeq, S., Ali, M., & Butt, N. (2023). Impact of COVID-19 on the drivers of cash-based online transactions and consumer behaviour: evidence from a Muslim market. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(3), 714–734. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-09-2020-0265

Kınış, F., & Tanova, C. (2022). Can I Trust My Phone To Replace My Wallet? The Determinants Of E-Wallet Adoption In North Cyprus. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 17(4), 1696–1715. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer17040086

Koo, F., & Cuandra, F. (2022). Analysis Of Factors Affecting International E-wallet Use. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 24(2). http://jurnaltsm.id/index.php/JBA

Lavinda. (2022, January 13). Survei KIC: Gen Z Lebih Pilih Pakai E-Wallet Dibanding ATM Bank. Katadata.Co.Id. https://katadata.co.id/lavinda/finansial/61e0ee6ef1b27/survei-kic-gen-z-lebih-pilih-pakai-e-wallet-dibanding-atm-bank

Maulita, M., Amalia, P. A., & Luturnas, F. B. (2022). Factors That Influence Generation Z in Using E-Wallet During COVID-19 Pandemic. Advances In Social Science, Education And Humanities Reseach, 647, 96–100.

Ming, K. L. Y., & Jais, M. (2022). Factors Affecting the Intention to Use E-Wallets During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 24(1), 82–100. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.64708

Mubarak, Z., & Yuliani, R. (2023). Looking Into What Makes Muslim Millennials and Generation Z Want to Use Digital Wallets in Banjarmasin. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 9(01), 748–754. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v9i1.6953

Muryanto, Y. T., Kharisma, D. B., & Ciptorukmi Nugraheni, A. S. (2022). Prospects And Challenges Of Islamic Fintech In Indonesia A Legal Viewpoint. International Journal of Law and Management, 64(2), 239–252. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-07-2021-0162

Mustafa, M. A., Singh, J., Singh, K., & Ahmad, N. B. (2022). The Adoption Of E-Wallet By Generation Z In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 51–67.

Nur, T., & Panggabean, R. R. (2021). Factors Influencing the Adoption of Mobile Payment Method among Generation Z: the Extended UTAUT Approach. Journal of Accounting Research, 4(1), 14–28. www/http/jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/JAROE

Nurabiah, N., Pusparini, H., & Fitriyah, N. (2023). Determinan Penggunaan E-Money dengan Pendekatan Model UTAUT 2 dan Risiko yang Dirasakan. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 33(1), 180–201. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2023.v33.i01.p14

Onibala, A. A., Rindengan, Y., & Lumenta, A. S. (2021). Analisis Penerapan Model UTAUT 2 (UNIFIED THEORY OF ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF TECHNOLOGY 2) Terhadap E-Kinerja Pada Pemerintah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. E-Journal Teknik Informatika, 1–13.

Pahlevi, R. (2022, March 21). Proyeksi Nilai Transaksi E-Wallet di Indonesia (2021-2025). Teknologi Dan Telekomunikasi. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/03/21/pasar-e-wallet-indonesia-diproyeksikan-capai-us70-miliar-pada-2025#:~:text=Menurut%20riset%20lembaga%20konsultan%20pemasaran,%2470%2C1%20miliar%20pada%202025.

Persada, S. F., Dalimunte, I., Nadlifatin, R., Miraja, B. A., Redi, A. A. N. P., Prasetyo, Y. T., Chin, J., & Lin, S. C. (2021). Revealing The Behavior Intention Of Techsavvy Generation Z To Use Electronic Wallet Usage: A Theory Of Planned Behavior Based Measurement. International Journal of Business and Society, 22(1), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.33736/IJBS.3171.2021

Pradipta, I. A., & Tresia, M. (2021). Analysis Of Factors Affecting The Acceptance Or Use Of E - Wallet In Jakarta. Journal Of Economics And Business Letters, 1(4), 27–32.

Prasasti, A., Aulisaina, F. I., & Rahman Hakim, M. A. (2021). Does Discount Matter in Indonesia e-Wallet Race? A Qualitative Study on Generation Z e-Wallet Preferences During Pandemics. The Winners, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i1.7019

Putri, D. E., Sinaga, O. S., Sudirman, A., Augustinah, F., & Dharma, E. (2022). Analysis of the Effect of Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Trust, and Cashback Promotion on Intention to Use E-wallet. International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 06(11), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.51505/ijebmr.2022.61105

Rahmayanti, P. L. D., Widagda, I. G. N. J. A., Yasa, N. N. K., Giantari, I. G. A. K., Martaleni, Sakti, D. P. B., Suwitho, & Anggreni, P. (2021). Integration Of Technolog Acceptance Model And Theory Of Reasoned Action In Predicting E-Wallet Continuous Usage Intentions International Journal Of Data An Network Science. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 5(4), 649–658. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2021.8.002

Reiza Indrawan, M., Livingstone, D., Kartono, R., Arta, ;, Sundjaja, M., & Management, B. (2021). Factors Affecting Millenials’ Acceptance of E-Money Application in Jakarta. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(3), 4146–4156.

Rosariana, B. (2021, September 28). Generasi Milenial Dan Generasi Kolonial. Djkn.Kemenkeu.Go.Id. https://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/kpknl-pontianak/baca-artikel/14262/Generasi-Milenial-Dan-Generasi-Kolonial.htmlhttps://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/kpknl-pontianak/baca-artikel/14262/Generasi-Milenial-Dan-Generasi-Kolonial.html

Rosli, M. S., Saleh, N. S., Md. Ali, A., & Abu Bakar, S. (2023). Factors Determining The Acceptance Of E-Wallet Among Gen Z From The Lens Of The Extended Technology Acceptance Model. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075752

Saputra, I. A. G., Yusuf, A., Hakim, L., & Rohayati, S. (2023). Determination Of Generation Z’s Intention In Using E-Wallet For Payment Transactions. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 33(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2023.v33.i01.p06

Senali, M. G., Iranmanesh, M., Ismail, F. N., Rahim, N. F. A., Khoshkam, M., & Mirzaei, M. (2022). Determinants Of Intention To Use E-Wallet: Personal Innovativeness And Propensity To Trust As Moderators. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2076309

Simorangkir, Z. Z., & Afgani, K. F. (2021). The Analysis On Factors Influencing The Use Of Mobile Payment System Among Generation Z In Bekasi City. Advanced International Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, 3(9), 334–348. https://doi.org/10.35631/aijbes.39022

Singh, A. K., & Sharma, P. (2022). A study of Indian Gen X and Millennials consumers’ intention to use FinTech payment services during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Modelling in Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-02-2022-0059

Tunku Puteri Intan, C., Hsbollah, M., & Tunku Puteri Intan, H. (2019). Factors Influencing the Continuance Intention to use E-Wallet among Mainland Chinese Students in Malaysia. Engineering And Management, 81, 3977–3983.

Undale, S., Kulkarni, A., & Patil, H. (2021). Perceived E-Wallet Security: Impact Of COVID-19 Pandemic. Vilakshan - XIMB Journal of Management, 18(1), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/XJM-07-2020-0022

Valencia, D., & Layman, C. V. (2021). E-Wallet Service Innovation, Service Delivery, And Customer Satisfaction On Customer Loyalty Within Shopeepay In Indonesia. ULTIMA Management, 13(1), 23–46.

Wang, Y. S., Wu, M. C., & Wang, H. Y. (2009). Investigating the determinants and age and gender differences in the acceptance of mobile learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 40(1), 92–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2007.00809.x

Wei, Q., Xiao, W., Yaqub, R. M. S., Irfan, M., Murad, M., & Yaqub, M. Z. (2023). Adoption Of Digital Money (E-Wallet) In The Post COVID-19 Era: The Moderating Role Of Low Distribution Charges And Low Transit Time In Impulsive Buying: A Developing Country Perspective. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.984316

Yuliana, Y., Arwin, A., Weny, W., Lo, C., & Kuan, J. (2022). Analisis Niat Konsumen dalam menggunakan QRIS Dengan Pendekatan Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Jurnal E-Bis, 6(2), 680–690. https://doi.org/10.37339/e-bis.v6i2.1032

Zafar, S., Riaz, S., & Mahmood, W. (2021). Conducing The Cashless Revolution In Pakistan Using Enterprise Integration. International Journal of Education and Management Engineering, 11(4), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.5815/ijeme.2021.04.02

Zulhawati, Meiliyah Ariani, & Budi Harsono. (2022). The Effectiveness Of Using The Digital Wallet OVO In The Jakarta, Indonesia. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 11(3), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i3.1743
Published
2024-01-31
How to Cite
BERLIANAWATI, Desi Intan; NURABIAH, Nurabiah; RIDHAWATI, Rini. Exploring The Mind of Gen Z: Deciphering E-wallet Adoption Through The Lens of TPB Theory. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Bisnis, [S.l.], v. 19, n. 1, p. 133-150, jan. 2024. ISSN 2303-1018. Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jiab/article/view/110972>. Date accessed: 30 may 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/JIAB.2024.v19.i01.p09.
Section
Articles