DIAGNOSE OF THYPOID FEVER WITH WIDAL TEST

Abstract

Thypoid fever is one of infection systemic disease cause by Salmonella enterica serotype typhi, this
bacterium is member of family Enterobacteriaciae. Everyone with thypoid fever bring the
bacterium in blood stream and gastrointestinal sytem so that it can transmit the infection to others
directly through water or food that has been contaminated. Laboratory examination to establish a
diagnosis of typhoid fever is with conventional methods, namely the culture of the bacterium and
serological test Widal and non-conventional method, namely Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR),
Enzyme Immunoassay Dot (EID) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The definitive
diagnosis of typhoid fever is with isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype typhi from blood, urine
or other body fluids. It is often not possible in developing countries because of inadequate
bakteriologik facilities on many small hospitals, while typhoid fever is an endemic disease in the
country. With this kind of situation, the diagnosis should be enforced by connecting the
corresponding clinical symptoms with typhoid fever and the presence of antibody titer is increasing
significantly in the blood against antigens O or H antigens of Salmonella enterica serotype typhi
(Widal test).