PEROKOK PASIF SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULAR DAN KEMATIAN TERKAIT PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULAR:  SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Ni Nyoman Sriwulan Pratiwi; I Made Putra Swi Antara; A.A. Ayu Dwi Adelia Yasmin; Made Satria Yudha Dewangga

doi:10.24843/MU.2022.V11.i04.P04

Ni Nyoman Sriwulan Pratiwi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
I Made Putra Swi Antara 2 Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.
A.A. Ayu Dwi Adelia Yasmin 2 Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.
Made Satria Yudha Dewangga 2 Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24843/MU.2022.V11.i04.P04

Abstract

Background: The harmfull effects of smoking are not only applied to active smokers but also secondhand smokers. Reseach show that secondhand smokers have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality. Hence, this systematic review aims to evaluate further the role of passive smoking as the risk factor for cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality. Methods: This systematic review was conducted based on the new PRISMA guidelines. This review included the relevant cohort prospective studies from the last five years in Pubmed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library. Results: There were five relevant studies included in this review. Four studies found that passive smoking has a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. One study reported that passive smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. Conclusion: Passive smoking is a significant risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality.

Keywords: secondhand smoker, passive smoking, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular mortality

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Author Biographies

I Made Putra Swi Antara, 2 Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.

²Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.

A.A. Ayu Dwi Adelia Yasmin, 2 Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.

²Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.

Made Satria Yudha Dewangga, 2 Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.

²Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.