Design and Implementation of Arduino-Based Weather Monitoring System in Rural

The Weather Monitoring System is an instrument that measures and records meteorological parameters using sensors. This sensor serves as a measuring instrument to measure every change in weather. Output data from sensors will be sent to the web server so that it can be accessed by users or people who need weather data. Weather data obtained from temperature sensors, air humidity, wind direction and speed, and air pressure are processed by the microcontroller and sent to the web server via cellular networks. The data displayed on the web server is a graph according to the value sent by the sensor. This study began a literature study on Arduino Uno, Ethernet shield, BMP180 sensor sensor, DHT11 sensor, wind direction and speed kit, Wifi Router, 3G network modem, equipment that will be realized starting with designing and making hardware and software. Tests carried out in the telecommunications system laboratory include testing air pressure with the BMP180 Sensor, testing temperature and humidity with the DHT11 Sensor, testing kits for wind speed and direction, testing data delivery with the Wifi Router and 3G network modem, and testing all devices. From the system design and testing concluded that the Arduino-based Automatic Weather Monitoring Device on 3G Cellular Networks has good flexibility and precision because the devices can be placed in various places, especially in rural areas. Data Output from sensors can be monitored through the Thingspeak.com website, so users do not need to directly monitor where the device is placed.

I. INTRODUCTION 1 This weather element data is very useful to know the climatology of an area, so that humans can utilize the weather conditions according to human needs. One of them is used for weather conditions in rural areas that have areas of rice fields or plantations. Weather data can also be used to reduce or even avoid the risk of bad weather. An automatic weather system is an instrument that measures and records meteorological parameters using sensors. This sensor serves as a measuring tool to measure any changes in weather. The output data from the sensor will be processed in the data logger and then sent to the web server so that it can be accessed by users or people who need weather station data.
This paper discusses the design techniques of temperature sensor, humidity, air pressure, wind direction and speed. Temperature data, air humidity, air pressure, wind direction and speed so that it can be done so that the measurement process can be done more flexibly because that required for transmisinya only internet-connected cellular network. With the facility access to this internet network allows the occurrence of long-distance communication to send the results of sensor readings to the web server. The data collected by the weather monitoring system on the web server can be easily accessed by the operator to create an analysis or data storage. Another advantage of using a web server is that data security is more secure.

II. RESEARCH METHODS
The overall flow chart illustrates the process of creating an Arduino Based Weather Station System using Cellular Networks starting from the study literature, hardware design, software design, and testing processes.
In the system block diagram design process is carried out with the hardware design process for each circuit block. At this stage, a series of microcontroller and sensors is designed and the design of sensor data on the web can be accessed by users with desktop or smartphone The next process is to assemble each circuit block and proceed with the software design process for several blocks Design and Implementation of Arduino-Based Weather Monitoring System in Rural of the circuit which includes designing software for sensor components used and designing software for Ethernet shields on Arduino-based microcontroller circuits.
Testing of each blocks consisting of several stages : 1. Testing of Arduino-based microcontroller circuits and temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind direction and speed sensors 2. Testing data transmission systems with modems and wifi routers on 3G networks 3. Testing devices and results on web servers in telecommunication system laboratory The Arduino-based Weather Monitoring System uses 4 types of sensors namely DHT22 as a humidity sensor, BMP180 sensor as a temperature and air pressure sensor, LM393 sensor as a wind speed sensor and 2SS52M sensor as a wind direction sensor. Data received by the sensor will be sent via the Cellular network using a 3G / 4G modem. The software used in this design is the Arduino IDE Software with a sensor library that is already available in the software.

Designing Devices with Sensors
. The sensors used in this automatic weather monitoring device have their respective functions, DHT22 sensor for measuring humidity, BMP180 sensor for measuring temperature and air pressure, LM393 sensor for measuring wind speed and 2SS52M sensor for measuring wind direction. All sensors get the same voltage from Arduino that is 5V.

Display Design Sensor output on the Web
To display the results of the sensors used in the tool on the web, it is necessary to configure several items. The web used in this research is thinkspeak which supports Arduino-based sensor systems. After registering on the web thinkspeak.com continues by creating a field or table containing sensor data. The number of fields used is 5 fields according to the number of sensors in the device. Use the API keys in Arduino to indicate that the device is registered on the Thinkspeak web. The output of the output display from the sensor data can be shown in the following figure.

Weather Monitoring System Testing
Testing the weather monitoring system includes testing sensors, which are run simultaneously. This test is done to observe the results of sensors on the Thinkspeak web on 3G cellular networks. This test also aims to determine that each block diagram of the device has been successfully executed.

Sensor Testing
Testing the sensors as a whole can be seen on the serial monitor in the Arduino IDE program. The test includes data Wifi Rout er on temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction    The results of designing and testing the device, concluded that the Arduino-based Automatic Weather Monitoring Device on 3G Cellular Networks has good flexibility and precision because the devices can be placed in various places, especially in rural areas. Data Output from sensors can be monitored through the Thingspeak.com website, so users do not need to directly monitor where the device is placed. ACKNOWLEDGMENT