Peran Fraud Triangle dalam Mendeteksi Financial Statement Fraud di Perusahaan Perbankan ASEAN
Abstract
This research aims to determine the effect of fraud triangle theory toward Financial statement fraud. Financial statement fraud is proxied by earnings management. Population in this study is non-Islamic commercial banking companies listed on SGX, MYX, SET, PSE and IDX. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The total sample in the study was 66 non-Islamic commercial banking companies. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression. The research results proved that Financial targets and change of auditors had a positive effect on Financial statement fraud while external pressure had a negative effect on Financial statement fraud. Financial stability and ineffective monitoring had no effect on Financial statement fraud. This research can be used as a reference by investors, the public, government and users of other financial statement information in order to detect Financial statement fraud through the fraud triangle theory.
Keywords: Financial statement fraud; Earnings Management; Fraud Triangle.
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References
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Kanagaretnam K., Hamilton & Lobo, G. J. (2004). Earning Management to Reduce Earnings Variability: Evidence from Bank Loan Loss Provisions. Review of Accounting and Finance, 128 – 148. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb043399
KPMG. (2019). Global Banking Fraud Survey. Diambil pada 11 Maret 2020 dari https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/campaigns/2019/12/global-annual-review.html.
Kurniawansyah, D. (2018). Apakah Manajemen Laba Termasuk Kcurangan? Analisis Literatur. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Bisnis Airlangga, 3(1), 341 – 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.31093/jraba.v3i1.97
Lokanan, M & Sharma, S. (2018). A Fraud Triangle Analysis of the Libor Fraud. Journal of Forensic & Investigative Accounting, 10(2), 187 – 212.
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Mangeka, D. P & Rahayu, Y. (2020). Pengaruh Fraud Triangle Dalam Mendeteksi Financial statement fraud. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi, 9 (2), 1 – 21.
Mcnicholas, M. F & Stubben, S. R. (2018). Research Design Issues in Studies Using Discretionary Accruals. A Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business Studies, 54 (22), 227 – 246. https://doi.org/10.1111/abac.12128
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Ozili, P. & Arun, T. (2018). Income smoothing among European systemic and non-systemic banks. The British Accounting Review, 5(5), 539 – 558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2018.03.001
Ramly, Z., Chan, S.G., Mustapha, M. Z. & Sapiei, N. S. (2015). Women on Boards and Bank Efficiency in ASEAN-5: The Moderating Role of Independent Directors. Review of Managerial Science, 225 – 250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-015-0186-4
Rochmadhona, B. N., Suganda, T. R. & Chayadi, S. (2018). The Competitive Advantage Between Intellectual Capital and Financing Performance of Banking Sector in ASEAN. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 144 – 161. https://doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v22i2.2060
Selvarajan, S. K., Rahim, R., & Marikan, D. A. (2018). Does Financial Liberalization Foster Economic Growth? Empirical Evidence from ASEAN-6 Countries. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 3(21), 102-108. https://doi.org/ 10.14419/ijet.v7i3.21.17103
Septriani, Y. & Handayani, D. (2018). Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan dengan Analisis Fraud Pentagon. Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan dan Bisnis, 11(1), 11-23.
Taco, C. & Ilat, V. (2017). Pengaruh Earning Power, Komisaris Independen, Dewan Direksi, Komite Audit dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Manajemen Laba Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek
Indonesia. Jurnal EMBA, 4(4), 887 – 884. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v4i4.14514
The Edge Market. (2020). 1MDB ex-CEO: Najib pressured me to replace 1MDB auditor. Diambil pada 26 November 2020 dari 1MDB ex-CEO: Najib pressured me to replace 1MDB auditor | The Edge Markets
Utama, I. G. P. O. S., Ramantha, I. W. & Badera, I. D. N. (2018). Analisis Faktor – Faktor dalam Perspektif Fraud Traingle Sebagai Prediktor Fraduelent Financial Reporting. E-Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 7(1), 251 – 278.
Ventouri, A. (2018). Bank Competition and Regional Integration: Evidence from ASEAN Nations. Review of
Development Finence, 8, 127 – 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2018.08.002
Vishnani, S., Agarwal, S., Agarwalla, R & Gupta, S. (2019). Earnings Management. Capital Management and Signalling Behaviour of Indian Banks. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, 285 – 295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10690-
018-09265-x
Vousinas, G. (2019). Advancing Theory of Fraud: The S.C.O.R.E. Model. Journal of Financial Crime, 26(1), 372 – 381. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-12-2017-0128
Wu, X. & Wang, J. (2018). Management's Materiality Criteria of Internal Control Weaknesses and Corporate Fraud: Evidence from China. The International Journal of Accounting, 53 (1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2018.02.001
Yesriani, M & Rahayu, I. (2017). Deteksi Financial statement fraud: Pengujian dengan Fraud Diamond. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Auditing Indonesia, Vol. 21 No.1, pp. 49 – 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol21.iss1.art5
Achmad, T & Pamungkas, I. D. (2018). Fraduelent Financial Reporting Based of Fraud Diamond Theory: A Study of the Banking Sector in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi, 4(2), 135 – 150. https://doi.org/ 10.34204/jiafe.v4i2.1112
Asmah, A. E., Atuilik, W. A & Ofiri, D. (2020). Antecendents and Consequences of Staff Related Fraud in The Ghana Banking Industry. Journal of Financial Crime, 27 (1), 188 – 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JFC-03-2019-0034
Association of Certified Fraud Examiners. (2020). Report to the Nation on Occupational Fraud and Abuse (On-line). Diambil pada 11 Maret 2020 dari www.acfe.com.
AU Section 316. (2002). Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit. Diambil pada 29 Februari 2020 dari www.aicpa.org.
BIS. (2001). The New Basel Capital Accord: An Explanatory Note. Bank for International Settlements, 1 – 16.
Brigham & Houston. (2014). Dasar-Dasar Manajemen Keuangan. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Ceic Data. (2020). Capital Adequacy Ratio. Diambil pada 19 Februari 2021 dari Capital Adequacy Ratio (ceicdata.com)
CNBC. (2017). Drama Bank Bukopin: Modifikasi Kartu Kredit dan Rights Issue. Diambil pada 18 September 2020 dari https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20180427144303-17-12810/drama-bank-bukopin-kartu-kredit-
modifikasi-dan-rights-issue
Cressey, D. (1953). Other people’s money: A Study in the Social Psychology of Embezlement. Glencoe, II: Free Press.
Dewi, S. P & Eveline. (2017). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Discretionary Loan Loss Provisions Pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, Jurnal Manajemen, 21(3), 434 – 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jm.v21i3.261
Embuningtyas, S. S. (2018). Discretionary Loan Loss Provisions Sebagai Alat Deteksi Manajemen Laba Pada Perbankan Konvensional di Indonesia. Jurnal Riset Keuangan dan Akuntansi, 4(1), 15 – 29. https://doi.org/10.25134/jrka.v4i1.1332
Ghafoor, A., Zainudin, R & Mahdzan, N. S. (2018). Factors Elicting Corporate Fraud in Emerging Markets: Case of Firms Subject to Enforcement Actions in Malaysia. Journal of Business Ethics, 587 – 608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-018-3877-3
Ha, D., Gillet, P., Le, P., & Vo, D. T. (2018). Banking Integration in ASEAN-6: An Empirical Investigation. Economic Modelling, 91, 705 – 719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2019.09.017
Hatane, S. E., Octavia, F & Florentina, J. (2019). The Comparison of Earninngs Management Practices in Indonesia’s Islamic Banks and Conventional Banks. Advances in Economics and Management Research, 69, 127 – 131. https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/teams-18.2019.22
Hidayatullah, S & Praptoyo, S. (2018). Deteksi Financial statement fraud Dengan Analisis Fraud Triangle. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi, 7 (1), 1 – 20.
Husen, T. I. (2017). Pengaruh Efisiensi Biaya Perbankan di Kawasan ASEAN-5. Jurnal Bisnis dan Kajian Strategi Manajemen, 1(2), pp. 63 – 76. https://doi.org/10.35308/jbkan.v1i2.901
Isa, M. Y. M., Choong, Y. V., Fie, D. Y. G & Rashid, M. Z. H. A. (2018). Determinant of Loan Loss Provisions of Commercial Banks in Malaysia. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 16 (1), 24 – 48. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-03-2015-0044
Kanagaretnam K., Hamilton & Lobo, G. J. (2004). Earning Management to Reduce Earnings Variability: Evidence from Bank Loan Loss Provisions. Review of Accounting and Finance, 128 – 148. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb043399
KPMG. (2019). Global Banking Fraud Survey. Diambil pada 11 Maret 2020 dari https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/campaigns/2019/12/global-annual-review.html.
Kurniawansyah, D. (2018). Apakah Manajemen Laba Termasuk Kcurangan? Analisis Literatur. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Bisnis Airlangga, 3(1), 341 – 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.31093/jraba.v3i1.97
Lokanan, M & Sharma, S. (2018). A Fraud Triangle Analysis of the Libor Fraud. Journal of Forensic & Investigative Accounting, 10(2), 187 – 212.
Lou, Y.I., dan Wang, M.L. (2009). Fraud Risk Factor of the Fraud Triangle Assesing the Likelihood of Fraudulent Financial Reporting. Journal of Business and Economic Research, 7(2), 62-66.
Mangeka, D. P & Rahayu, Y. (2020). Pengaruh Fraud Triangle Dalam Mendeteksi Financial statement fraud. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi, 9 (2), 1 – 21.
Mcnicholas, M. F & Stubben, S. R. (2018). Research Design Issues in Studies Using Discretionary Accruals. A Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business Studies, 54 (22), 227 – 246. https://doi.org/10.1111/abac.12128
Mudawamah, S., Wijone, T. & Hidayat, R. R. (2018). Analisis Rasio Keuangan Untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan (Studi Pada Bank Usaha Milik Negara yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013 – 2015).
Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 54(1), 20 – 29. administrasibisnis.studentjournal.ub.ac.id
Noman, A. H. M., Gee, C. S & Isa, C. R. (2018). Does Bank Regulation Matter on The Relationship Between Competition and Financial stability? Evidence from Southeast Asian Countries. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 144 – 161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2018.02.001
Ozili, P. & Arun, T. (2018). Income smoothing among European systemic and non-systemic banks. The British Accounting Review, 5(5), 539 – 558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2018.03.001
Ramly, Z., Chan, S.G., Mustapha, M. Z. & Sapiei, N. S. (2015). Women on Boards and Bank Efficiency in ASEAN-5: The Moderating Role of Independent Directors. Review of Managerial Science, 225 – 250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-015-0186-4
Rochmadhona, B. N., Suganda, T. R. & Chayadi, S. (2018). The Competitive Advantage Between Intellectual Capital and Financing Performance of Banking Sector in ASEAN. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 144 – 161. https://doi.org/10.26905/jkdp.v22i2.2060
Selvarajan, S. K., Rahim, R., & Marikan, D. A. (2018). Does Financial Liberalization Foster Economic Growth? Empirical Evidence from ASEAN-6 Countries. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 3(21), 102-108. https://doi.org/ 10.14419/ijet.v7i3.21.17103
Septriani, Y. & Handayani, D. (2018). Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan dengan Analisis Fraud Pentagon. Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan dan Bisnis, 11(1), 11-23.
Taco, C. & Ilat, V. (2017). Pengaruh Earning Power, Komisaris Independen, Dewan Direksi, Komite Audit dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Manajemen Laba Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek
Indonesia. Jurnal EMBA, 4(4), 887 – 884. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v4i4.14514
The Edge Market. (2020). 1MDB ex-CEO: Najib pressured me to replace 1MDB auditor. Diambil pada 26 November 2020 dari 1MDB ex-CEO: Najib pressured me to replace 1MDB auditor | The Edge Markets
Utama, I. G. P. O. S., Ramantha, I. W. & Badera, I. D. N. (2018). Analisis Faktor – Faktor dalam Perspektif Fraud Traingle Sebagai Prediktor Fraduelent Financial Reporting. E-Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 7(1), 251 – 278.
Ventouri, A. (2018). Bank Competition and Regional Integration: Evidence from ASEAN Nations. Review of
Development Finence, 8, 127 – 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rdf.2018.08.002
Vishnani, S., Agarwal, S., Agarwalla, R & Gupta, S. (2019). Earnings Management. Capital Management and Signalling Behaviour of Indian Banks. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, 285 – 295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10690-
018-09265-x
Vousinas, G. (2019). Advancing Theory of Fraud: The S.C.O.R.E. Model. Journal of Financial Crime, 26(1), 372 – 381. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-12-2017-0128
Wu, X. & Wang, J. (2018). Management's Materiality Criteria of Internal Control Weaknesses and Corporate Fraud: Evidence from China. The International Journal of Accounting, 53 (1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2018.02.001
Yesriani, M & Rahayu, I. (2017). Deteksi Financial statement fraud: Pengujian dengan Fraud Diamond. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Auditing Indonesia, Vol. 21 No.1, pp. 49 – 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol21.iss1.art5
Published
2021-03-25
How to Cite
YUWONO, Yuliana Pertiwi; MARLINA, Maria Assumpta Evi.
Peran Fraud Triangle dalam Mendeteksi Financial Statement Fraud di Perusahaan Perbankan ASEAN.
E-Jurnal Akuntansi, [S.l.], v. 31, n. 3, p. 713-730, mar. 2021.
ISSN 2302-8556.
Available at: <https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/akuntansi/article/view/67549>. Date accessed: 29 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/EJA.2021.v31.i03.p15.
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