Laporan Kasus: Klinikopatologi Anak Anjing yang Mengalami Enteritis dan Miokarditis Akibat Infeksi Canine Parvovirus
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https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2022.v14.i06.p12
Abstrak
Penyakit canine parvovirus (CPV) merupakan penyakit yang sangat kontagius pada anjing, menyebar melalui rute fekal-oral atau oronasal. Virus ini memiliki tropisme pada sel yang aktif dan cepat membelah. Hewan yang dijadikan studi kasus adalah seekor anjing ras lokal campuran jantan yang berumur tiga bulan, yang berasal dari Denpasar, Bali. Anjing kasus didapatkan dalam keadaan sakit selama empat hari. Pemeriksaan klinis menunjukkan anjing mengalami anoreksia, depresi, muntah-muntah, diare berdarah, batuk, demam, dan dehidrasi. Uji Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menunjukkan anjing positif terhadap infeksi CPV. Hasil pemeriksaan hematologi rutin menunjukkan anjing mengalami anemia normositik normokromik, leukositopenia, monositosis dan neutropenia. Perubahan patologi anatomi yang teramati adalah hiperemia pada meningen otak, hiperemia paru-paru, nekrosis epikardium, kongesti pada hati, hiperemia medula ginjal, dan hiperemia pada usus halus. Secara histopatologi perubahan yang teramati adalah miokarditis nekrotikan, bronkopneumonia emfisematosa, hepatitis hemorrhagis et nekrotikan, deplesi folikel limfoid limpa, atrofi glomerulus ginjal, enteritis hemorrhagis et nekrotikan, dan degenerasi hidrofik epitel transisional vesica urinaria. Berdasarkan gejala klinis, pemeriksaan hematologi, perubahan patologi anatomi, histopatologi, serta isolasi dan identifikasi virus, maka dapat disimpulkan anjing kasus terinfeksi CPV bentuk enteritis dan miokarditis secara bersamaan.
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Referensi
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Adi AAAM. 2021. Buku ajar patologi gangguan sirkulasi: lesi makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Swasta Nulus. Denpasar.
Al-Bayati HAM, Odisho SM, Al-Hammed HA. 2016. Study the histopathological changes accompanied with canine parvovirus infection. Al-Qadisiyah J. Vet. Med. Sci. 15(2): 115-118.
Boes KM, Durham AC. 2017. Bone marrow, blood cells, and the lymphoid/lymphatic system. In: Zachary JF (Ed.) Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease. 6th Ed. Elsevier. UK. Pp. 724.
Buonavoglia C, Martella V, Pratelli A, Tempesta M, Cavalli A, Buonavoglia D, Bozzo G, Elia G, Decaro N, Carmichael L. 2001. Evidence for evolution of canine parvovirus type 2 in Italy. J. Gen. Virol. 82: 3021-3025.
Duffy A, Dow S, Ogilvie G, Rao S, Hackett T. 2010. Hematologic improvement in dogs with parvovirus infection treated with recombinant canine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. 33(4): 352-356.
Elia G, Cavalli A, Desario C, Lorusso E, Lucente MS, Decaro N, Martella V, Buonavoglia C. 2007. Detection of infectious canine parvovirus type 2 by mRNA real-time RT-PCR. J. Virol. Methods. 146(1): 202-208.
Goddard A, Leisewitz AL, Christopher MM, Duncan NM, Becker PJ. 2008. Prognostic usefulness of blood leucocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 22(2): 309-316.
Goddard A, Leisewitz AL. 2010. Canine Parvovirus. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Small Anim. Pract. 40(6): 1041-1053.
Gordon JC, Angrick EJ. 1986. Canine parvovirus: environmental effects on infectivity. Am. J. Vet. Res. 47(7): 1464-1467.
Humm KR, Hughes D. 2009. Canine parvovirus infection. In: Silverstein DC & Hopper K (Eds.) Small Animal Critical Care Medicine. Saunders. Pennsylvania, United States. Pp. 482-485.
Kantere M, Athanasiou LV, Giannakopoulos A, Skampardonis V, Sofia M, Valiakos G, Athanasakopoulou Z, Touloudi A, Chatzopoulos DC, Spyrou V, Billinis C. 2021. Risk and environmental factors associated with the presence of canine parvovirus type 2 in diarrheic dogs from thessaly, central grece. Pathogens. 10(5): 1-13.
Khatri R, Poonam, Mohan H, Minakshi CSP. 2017. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of canine parvovirus disease in dogs: A mini review abstract. J. Vet. Sci. Med. Diagn. 6(3): 2.
Kilian E, Suchodolski JS, Hartmann K, Mueller RS, Wess G, Unterer S. 2018. Long-term effects of canine parvovirus infection in dogs. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0192198.
Lenghaus C, Studdert MJ. 1984. Acute and chronic viral myocarditis. Acute diffuse nonsuppurative myocarditis and residual myocardial scarring following infection with canine parvovirus. Am. J. Pathol. 115(2): 316-319.
Lin CN, Chien CH, Chiou MT, Chueh LL, Hung MY, Hsu HS. 2014. Genetic characterization of type 2a canine parvoviruses from Taiwan reveals the emergence of an Ile324 mutation in VP2. Virol. J. 11: 39.
McCandlish IAP, Thompson H, Fisher EW, Cornwel HJC, Macartney J, Walton IA. 1981. Canine parvovirus infection. In. Pract. 3: 5-14.
MacLachlan NJ, Edward JD. 2011. Fenner’s Veterinary Virology. 4th Ed. Elsevier. UK.
Meunier PC, Cooper BJ, Appel MJ, Slauson DO. 1984. Experimental viral myocarditis: parvoviral infection of neonatal pups. Vet. Pathol. 21(5): 509-515.
Mia MM, Hasan M. 2021. Update on canine parvovirus infection: a review from the literature. Veterinary Sciences: Research and Reviews 7(2): 92-100.
Miranda C, Carvalheira J, Parrish CR, Thompson G 2015. Factors affecting the occurrence of canine parvovirus in dogs. Vet. Microbiol. 180:59-64.
Nandi S, Kumar M. 2010. Canine parvovirus: current perspective. Indian J. Virol. 21(1):31-44.
Needle DB, Mietelka KA. 2014. Pathology in practice. Parvoviral myocarditis. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 244(10): 1155-1157.
Ogbu KI, Anene BM, Newze NE, Okoro JI, Danladi MMA, Ochai SO. 2017. Canine Parvovirus: A Review. Int. J. Appl. Sci. 2(2): 74-95.
Parrish CR. 1995. Pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvovirus. Baillieres Clin. Haematol. 8: 57-71.
Rizzi TE, Meinkoth J, Clinkenbeard KD. Normal Hematology of the Dog. In: Weiss DJ, Wardrop KJ (Eds.) Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 6th Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. Iowa, USA.
Sendow I. 2003. Canine Parvovirus pada Anjing. Wartazoa 13(2): 56-64.
Suartha IN, Mustikawati D, Erawan IGMK, Widyastuti SK. 2011. Prevalensi dan faktor risiko penyakit virus parvo pada anjing di Denpasar. J. Vet. 12(3): 235-240.
Sykes JE. 2014. Canine and Feline Infectious Diseases. Elsevier. United Kingdom.
Tattersall P, Cotmore SF. 1990. Alternate splicing in a parvoviral nonstructural gene links a common amino-terminal sequence to downstream domains which confer radically different localization and turnover characteristics. Virol. 177: 477-487.
Turk J, Miller M, Brown T. 1990. Coliform septicemia and pulmonary disease associated with canine parvoviral enteritis: 88 cases (1987-1988). J. Am. Med. Assoc. 196: 771-773.
Vural SA, Alcigir G. 2011. Histopathological and immunohistological findings in canine parvoviral infection: diagnosis application. Revue Med. Vet. 162(2): 59-64.
Winaya IBO, Berata IK, Adi AAAM, Kardena IM. 2014. Aspek patologis infeksi parvovirus pada anak anjing di Kota Denpasar. J. Kedokt. Hewan. 8(2): 85-89.
Ying H, Zhang F, Cao W, Zhang M. 2012. The subcelllar and the tissue tropism of canine parvovirus based on the co-localization of transferrin receptor. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 7: 235-242.
Adi AAAM. 2021. Buku ajar patologi gangguan sirkulasi: lesi makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Swasta Nulus. Denpasar.
Al-Bayati HAM, Odisho SM, Al-Hammed HA. 2016. Study the histopathological changes accompanied with canine parvovirus infection. Al-Qadisiyah J. Vet. Med. Sci. 15(2): 115-118.
Boes KM, Durham AC. 2017. Bone marrow, blood cells, and the lymphoid/lymphatic system. In: Zachary JF (Ed.) Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease. 6th Ed. Elsevier. UK. Pp. 724.
Buonavoglia C, Martella V, Pratelli A, Tempesta M, Cavalli A, Buonavoglia D, Bozzo G, Elia G, Decaro N, Carmichael L. 2001. Evidence for evolution of canine parvovirus type 2 in Italy. J. Gen. Virol. 82: 3021-3025.
Duffy A, Dow S, Ogilvie G, Rao S, Hackett T. 2010. Hematologic improvement in dogs with parvovirus infection treated with recombinant canine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. 33(4): 352-356.
Elia G, Cavalli A, Desario C, Lorusso E, Lucente MS, Decaro N, Martella V, Buonavoglia C. 2007. Detection of infectious canine parvovirus type 2 by mRNA real-time RT-PCR. J. Virol. Methods. 146(1): 202-208.
Goddard A, Leisewitz AL, Christopher MM, Duncan NM, Becker PJ. 2008. Prognostic usefulness of blood leucocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 22(2): 309-316.
Goddard A, Leisewitz AL. 2010. Canine Parvovirus. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Small Anim. Pract. 40(6): 1041-1053.
Gordon JC, Angrick EJ. 1986. Canine parvovirus: environmental effects on infectivity. Am. J. Vet. Res. 47(7): 1464-1467.
Humm KR, Hughes D. 2009. Canine parvovirus infection. In: Silverstein DC & Hopper K (Eds.) Small Animal Critical Care Medicine. Saunders. Pennsylvania, United States. Pp. 482-485.
Kantere M, Athanasiou LV, Giannakopoulos A, Skampardonis V, Sofia M, Valiakos G, Athanasakopoulou Z, Touloudi A, Chatzopoulos DC, Spyrou V, Billinis C. 2021. Risk and environmental factors associated with the presence of canine parvovirus type 2 in diarrheic dogs from thessaly, central grece. Pathogens. 10(5): 1-13.
Khatri R, Poonam, Mohan H, Minakshi CSP. 2017. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of canine parvovirus disease in dogs: A mini review abstract. J. Vet. Sci. Med. Diagn. 6(3): 2.
Kilian E, Suchodolski JS, Hartmann K, Mueller RS, Wess G, Unterer S. 2018. Long-term effects of canine parvovirus infection in dogs. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0192198.
Lenghaus C, Studdert MJ. 1984. Acute and chronic viral myocarditis. Acute diffuse nonsuppurative myocarditis and residual myocardial scarring following infection with canine parvovirus. Am. J. Pathol. 115(2): 316-319.
Lin CN, Chien CH, Chiou MT, Chueh LL, Hung MY, Hsu HS. 2014. Genetic characterization of type 2a canine parvoviruses from Taiwan reveals the emergence of an Ile324 mutation in VP2. Virol. J. 11: 39.
McCandlish IAP, Thompson H, Fisher EW, Cornwel HJC, Macartney J, Walton IA. 1981. Canine parvovirus infection. In. Pract. 3: 5-14.
MacLachlan NJ, Edward JD. 2011. Fenner’s Veterinary Virology. 4th Ed. Elsevier. UK.
Meunier PC, Cooper BJ, Appel MJ, Slauson DO. 1984. Experimental viral myocarditis: parvoviral infection of neonatal pups. Vet. Pathol. 21(5): 509-515.
Mia MM, Hasan M. 2021. Update on canine parvovirus infection: a review from the literature. Veterinary Sciences: Research and Reviews 7(2): 92-100.
Miranda C, Carvalheira J, Parrish CR, Thompson G 2015. Factors affecting the occurrence of canine parvovirus in dogs. Vet. Microbiol. 180:59-64.
Nandi S, Kumar M. 2010. Canine parvovirus: current perspective. Indian J. Virol. 21(1):31-44.
Needle DB, Mietelka KA. 2014. Pathology in practice. Parvoviral myocarditis. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 244(10): 1155-1157.
Ogbu KI, Anene BM, Newze NE, Okoro JI, Danladi MMA, Ochai SO. 2017. Canine Parvovirus: A Review. Int. J. Appl. Sci. 2(2): 74-95.
Parrish CR. 1995. Pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvovirus. Baillieres Clin. Haematol. 8: 57-71.
Rizzi TE, Meinkoth J, Clinkenbeard KD. Normal Hematology of the Dog. In: Weiss DJ, Wardrop KJ (Eds.) Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 6th Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. Iowa, USA.
Sendow I. 2003. Canine Parvovirus pada Anjing. Wartazoa 13(2): 56-64.
Suartha IN, Mustikawati D, Erawan IGMK, Widyastuti SK. 2011. Prevalensi dan faktor risiko penyakit virus parvo pada anjing di Denpasar. J. Vet. 12(3): 235-240.
Sykes JE. 2014. Canine and Feline Infectious Diseases. Elsevier. United Kingdom.
Tattersall P, Cotmore SF. 1990. Alternate splicing in a parvoviral nonstructural gene links a common amino-terminal sequence to downstream domains which confer radically different localization and turnover characteristics. Virol. 177: 477-487.
Turk J, Miller M, Brown T. 1990. Coliform septicemia and pulmonary disease associated with canine parvoviral enteritis: 88 cases (1987-1988). J. Am. Med. Assoc. 196: 771-773.
Vural SA, Alcigir G. 2011. Histopathological and immunohistological findings in canine parvoviral infection: diagnosis application. Revue Med. Vet. 162(2): 59-64.
Winaya IBO, Berata IK, Adi AAAM, Kardena IM. 2014. Aspek patologis infeksi parvovirus pada anak anjing di Kota Denpasar. J. Kedokt. Hewan. 8(2): 85-89.
Ying H, Zhang F, Cao W, Zhang M. 2012. The subcelllar and the tissue tropism of canine parvovirus based on the co-localization of transferrin receptor. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 7: 235-242.
Diterbitkan
2022-04-08
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SEWOYO, Palagan Senopati et al.
Laporan Kasus: Klinikopatologi Anak Anjing yang Mengalami Enteritis dan Miokarditis Akibat Infeksi Canine Parvovirus.
Buletin Veteriner Udayana, [S.l.], p. 693-704, apr. 2022.
ISSN 2477-2712.
Tersedia pada: <http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/buletinvet/article/view/85266>. Tanggal Akses: 20 feb. 2026
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2022.v14.i06.p12.
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